Ralph Tyler Model (also known as Tyler‘s Rationale)\he posited forum fundamental questions or principles in examining any curriculum:
1.
What educational
purposes should schools seek to attain?
2.
What educational
experiences can be provided that is likely to attain these purposes?
3.
How can these
educational experiences be effectively organized?
4.
How can we determine
whether these purposes are being attained or not?
Tyler‟s Modelshows that in the curriculum development the following
considerations should be made”
1. Purpose of theschool
2. Educational experiences
related to the purpose
3. Organization of
theexperiences
4. Evaluation of the
experiences/ outcomes
Hilda Taba Model - She improved on Tyler‘s Rationale by making a linear
model. She believes that teachers who teach or implement the curriculum should
participate in developing it. Her advocacy was called the ―grassroots approach‖
Presented seven majors steps her model, where teachers could have a
major input.
1. Diagnosis of learners needs
and expectations of the larger society
2. Formulation of learning
objectives
3. Selection of the learning
content
4. Organization of the learning
content
5. Selection of the learning
experiences
6. Organization of learning
activities
7. Determination of what to
evaluate and the means of doing it.
Thus, looking at the curriculum models, the three interacting process in
curriculum development are:
(1) planning; (2) implementing;
and (3) evaluating.
The Francis Hunkin‟s Decision -
Making Model
What sets this model a part is its recommended first stage of curricular
decision-making. The first stage requires that participants to engage in
deliberation regarding the nature curriculum and also its educational and
social political value.
This approach addresses the concerns of reconceptualizes, of putting
stress on the understanding the nature and power of curriculum
The Model has seven major stages:
1. Curriculum conceptualization
and legitimization
2. Diagnosis
3. Content selection
4. Experience selection
5. Implementation
6. Evaluation
7. Maintenance