ULTIMATE “CURRICULUM DEVT & DEVELOPMENTAL READING” [Rationale]

1.Who among the following progressivists viewed curriculum as "all the experiences in the classroom which are planned and enacted by the teacher, and also learned by the students"?

A. Marsh and Willis

B. Tyler

C. John Dewey

D. Taba

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Marsh and Willis viewed curriculum as the sum of the experiences that happen inside the classroom which are planned and implemented by the teacher.

 

2. Traditionalists view the curriculum as "a body of subject or subject matter prepared by the teacher for the student to learn." This view is synonymous to:

A. Course outline

B. Subject matter

C. Activity

D. Assignment

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Course of study and syllabus are broader in content the course outline and learning tasks.

 

 

3. "The teacher is the sole authority in his/her subject area or field of specialization.' Which philosophical foundation of curriculum is related to this statement?

A. Essentialism

B. Constructivism

C. Idealism

D. Progressivism

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Educational essentialism is an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that children should learn the traditional basic subjects thoroughly. In this philosophical school of thought, the aim is to instill students with the "essentials" of academic knowledge, enacting a back-to-basics approach.

 

4. Which best relates to Reconstructionism?

A. Fairness in opportunities in education for everyone

B. Use of encyclopedia

C. Going back to the basics

D. Free choice

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Social Reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society and worldwide democracy. Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as the aim of education.

 

5. Bobbit and Charters view that curriculum is

A. Learner-centered

B. Subject-centered

C. Society-centered

D. All of the above

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Bobbit and Charters view that curriculum is child-centered. Both of them view that child is the learner and the end is that the, curriculum will foster learning.

 

6. Which of the following refers to behaviorist psychology?

A. Learning should be organized so learners can experience success in the process of mastering the concept

B. Learning constitutes logical method

C. Learning is concerned with the process

D. All of the above

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Behavioral psychology is a psychological foundation and states that "learning should be organized so that students can experience success in the process of mastering the subject matter."

 

7. Which of the following best relates to social foundations of curriculum?

A. Society is dynamic

B. Society is constant

C. Society is not changing

D. Society is static

 

Answer: A

Rationale: This statement relate to social foundations of curriculum: "Society as ever dynamic is a source of very fast changes which are difficult to cope with."

 

8. A recommended curriculum is defined as:

A. Proposed by scholars and professional organizations

B. This is what the teachers implement or deliver in the schools

C. Based on curriculum that appears in school

D. The unintended curriculum

 

Answer: A

Rationale: A recommended curriculum are those that are being proposed by experts, scholars, and leaders of professional organizations.

 

9. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good curriculum? 

I. The curriculum is complex

II. The curriculum is continuous

III. The curriculum provides logical order

IV. The curriculum complements with the programs of the community

 

A. I, II, III

B. I, II

C. I only

D. I, II, III, and IV

 

Answer: D

Rationale: All of the following options are characteristics of a good curriculum.

 

10.    If the teacher provides contents that will contribute to basic ideas and principles to achieve the goal of the curriculum, this is termed as:

A. Significance

B. Interest

C. Utility

D. Ethics

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Significance of the curriculum is seen when the content or subject matter will contribute to the basic ideas, concepts, principles, and generalization to achieve the overall aim of the curriculum.

 

11. When politicians, administrators, and specialists participate in the making of curriculum, this is said to be under which curriculum levels?

A. Experiential

B. Instructional

C. Institutional

D. Societal

 

Answer: D

Rationale: In societal level, it includes participation of stakeholders (politicians, administrators, professional specialists) in identifying goals, topics to be studied, time frame and instructional material. Institutional level includes standards, philosophies, lesson plans, and teaching guides. Instructional level involves instructional strategies and materials by teachers. In experiential level, students are now able to use and experience the curriculum that may or may not fit the learner's abilities due to individual differences.

 

12. The Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 (K-12) is an example of which type of curriculum?

A. Spiral

B. Fused

C. Single

D. Correlated

 

Answer: A

Rationale: K-12 is a spiral curriculum where concept learning depends on level of development and maturity and experiences, It includes wide horizontal organization of scope, integration, and knowledge. A single subject is independent in content and time. Correlated subjects include subjects in two or more areas that related in content and time. A fused curriculum is similar to correlated subjects but the individual identity of each subject is lost.

 

13. Which of the following accurately describes an experience-centered curriculum?

A. It involves mastery of the subject matter

B. It is learner-centered

C. The learning is provided in a step-by-step series

D. It does consider learners capacity for growth

 

Answer: B

Rationale: An experience-centered curriculum is a learner-centered approach that gives emphasis on a holistic development of the learner. Interest and needs of the learner serve as basis for selection of the subject matter. It includes self-learning and discovery. All other options describe subject-centered curriculum.

 

14. This philosophy in education focuses on societal change required towards attaining good life today and tomorrow.

A. Essentialism

B. Perennialism

C. Reconstructionism

D. Existentialism

 

Answer: C

Rationale: Reconstructionism involves that curriculum should include subjects that deal with social and cultural crises to prepare students to become analyzers and ensure that democratic principles are followed. It includes societal reform needed towards experiencing the good life now and in the future. Essentialism focused on assimilation of basic subjects. Existentialism focuses on the meaning of life as a person's goal. Perennialism focuses on traditional approaches.

 

15. What is the goal of curriculum during the pre-Spanish time?

A. To learn basic skills

B. To accept Catholicism

C. To train Filipinos the American culture

D. To promote prosperity          

 

Answer: A

Rationale: The goals of curriculum during pre-Spanish era include learning basic skills like hunting and fishing, and to teach Filipinos how to interact with foreign people.

 

16. If a person says to another, "You are what you choose to be", the person is more of a/an:

A, Idealist

B. Pragmatist

C. Realist

D. Existentialist

 

Answer: D

Rationale: The key phrase in the question is "you are what you choose." This pertains to the quest for self-development perpetuated by the existentialist.

 

17. A principal tasked some teachers to write instructional materials in a subject. Later on, the teachers found out that she had the materials published under her name. Which act of the principal is unethical?

A. She took the recognition due to her teachers

B. She was the only recipient of the royalty from the materials

C. She had the materials published when they are already publishable

D. She made the teachers work on an additional task

 

Answer: A

Rationale: She took the recognition due to her teachers. The case is an act of plagiarism of sort. This means that the real authors of the materials should be credited properly for their work.

 

18. A student submitted a narrative report which was poorly written but very well packaged to make up for the poor quality of writing. This is an illustration of?

A. Art over science

B. Substance over form

C. Form over substance

D. Art over academics

 

Answer: C

Rationale: The case presents a student who is focused on outside appearance rather than on content.

 

19. Who said that Tyranny is a bad form of government?

A. Plato

B. Aristotle

C. Socrates

D. Alexander the Great

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Plate listed five forms of government from best to worse: aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, tyranny. For Plato, tyranny is worse than democracy.

 

20. Based on R.A. 9155, being an administrative manager is one of the two roles of a school head. What is the other one?

A. Instructional leader

B. Motivator

C. Facilitator of learning

D. Manager

 

Answer: A

Rationale: A school head is an administrative manager and at the same time a role model (leader) for the teachers.

 

21. Existentialists say that every person is in the same predicament and has the same possibilities. What does this mean?

A. Every person must have access to education

B. Every person must choose to go to a university

C. Every person must go through the same form of education

D. Every person must go to a university.

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Existentialism     is       the development of the self. Every person who is in the same predicament must have the same opportunities and access to the same possibilities.

 

 

22. The Basic Education Curriculum encourages the principle of 'back-to-back." From which educational philosophy does this spring?

A. Essentialism

B. Perennialism

C. Progressivism

D. Existentialism

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Essentialism believes that children should learn the traditional basic subjects and that these should be learned thoroughly and rigorously.

 

 

23. In Grace Goodell's Reading Skills Ladder, which is at the very bottom and needed to move up to the sequential ladder of reading skills?

A. Vocabulary building

B. Phonetic analysis

C. Basic sight words

D. Structural analysis

 

Answer: C

Rationale: Reading Skills Ladder

1. Basic sight words

2. Using phonetic analysis

3. Using structural analysis

4. Using contextual clues

5. Vocabulary building

6. Finding the main idea

7. Finding the supporting details

8. Interfering meanings, drawing conclusions

9. Classifying and organizing facts

10. Using parts of the book

11. Using the dictionary

12. Using the encyclopedias and other reference books

13. Borrowing library books for research and enjoyment

14. Starting your private library collection

15. Exposure to reading from mass media

16. Reading from the Internet

 

 

24. In Grace Goodell's Skill Ladder, which step should come last, and only when needed?

A. Using contextual clues

B. Using parts of a book

C. Using the dictionary

D. Using phonetic analysis

 

Answer: C

Rationale: Grade Goodell provided the reading skills ladder. It covers mainly reading activities as these happen while students are in school. Among all the steps in the options, using the dictionary should be the last resort.

 

 

 

25. Of comprehension or thinking strategies, which is relating one or two items, such as nouns and verbs?

A. Basic elaboration strategies

B. Complex rehearsal strategies

C. Complex elaboration strategies

D. Affective strategies

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Learning strategies can be defined as the behaviors and thought that a learner engages in during learning and that are intended to influence the learners' encoding process (Weinstein & Mayer, 1986). These strategies range from simple study skills, such as underlining a main idea, to complex thought processes, such as using analogies to relate prior knowledge to new information (Weinstein et al., 1989). Weinstein and Mayer (1986), listed some of learning strategies into eight major strategies. The categories are: (1) Basic Rehearsal Strategies (such as repeating learning material), (2) Complex Rehearsal Strategies (such as copying, underlining or shadowing learning material), (3) Basic Elaboration Strategies (such as forming a mental image of learning material), (4) Complex Elaboration Strategies (such as paraphrasing or summarizing learning material), (5) Basic Organizational Strategies (such as grouping or ordering learning material), (6) Complex Organizational Strategies (such as outlining a passage or creating a hierarchy), (7) Comprehension Monitoring Strategies (such as checking for comprehension failures) and (8) Affective and Motivational Strategies (such as being alert and relaxed, to help overcome test anxiety).

 

26. In Grace Goodell's Reading Skills Ladder, which of the following takes precedence?

A. Basic Sight Words

B. Reading from the Internet

C. Using phonetic analysis

D. Using contextual clues

 

Answer: A

Reading Skills Ladder

1. Basic sight words

2. Using phonetic analysis

3. Using structural analysis

4. Using contextual clues

5. Vocabulary building

6. Finding the main idea

7. Finding the supporting details

8. Interfering meanings, drawing conclusions

9. Classifying and organizing facts

10. Using parts of the book

11. Using the dictionary

12. Using the encyclopedias and other reference books

13. Borrowing library books for research and enjoyment

14. Starting your private library collection

15. Exposure to reading from mass media

16. Reading from the Internet

 

27.Which of the following is not true about Language Acquisition among children?

A. Language acquisition device assumes that people are born with innate ability to acquire language

B. Chomsky explains in his model that children acquired language solely through exposure

C. LAD claims that certain linguistic structures must already be imprinted on the child's mind at birth

D. Among those who worked on these are Crystal and Piaget.

 

Answer: B

Rationale: Language acquisition in children is said to be innate and is already imprinted on the child's mind at birth. It is not true that is acquired solely thorough exposure. Among language acquisition theories are Chomsky, Crystal, and Piaget.

 

28. This model shows reading as an active process that depends on reader characteristics, the text, and the reading situation.

A. Bottom-Up

B. Top-down

C. Interactive

D. Down-top

Answer: C

Rationale: The interactive reading model recognizes the interaction of bottom- up and top-down processes simultaneously throughout the reading process. This is also defines reading as an active process that depends on reader characteristics, the text, and the reading situation.

 

 

29. Which of the following is a feature of top-down approach in reading? I. Readers can comprehend a selection even though they do not recognize each word.

 

II. Readers should use meaning and grammatical cues to identify unrecognized words.

III. Reading for meaning is the primary objective of reading, rather than mastery of letters, letters/ sound

A. I only

B. I and 11 only

C. I and III only

D. I,II, and III

 

Answer: D

Rationale: The top-down reading model emphasizes what the reader brings to the text; says reading is driven by meaning; and proceeds from whole to part. All of these are features of top-down approach in reading.

 

30. Who is the proponent of language acquisition device?

A. Chomsky

B. Hizo

C. Taba

D. Tyler

 

Answer: A

Rationale: The Language Acquisition Device (LAD) by Noam Chomsky is a hypothetical module of the human mind posited to account for children's innate predisposition for language acquisition. It is a component of the nativist theory of language. This theory asserts that humans are born with the instinct or "innate facility" for acquiring language.


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