ULTIMATE “ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING” [Rationale]

1. A very high difficulty index indicates that an item should be:

A. Rejected

B. Retained

C. Revised

D. Not enough information

 

Answer: A

Rationale: A very high difficulty index means that most students got the item correctly which means that the test item is not a good item so it should be rejected.

 

 

2. A high positive discrimination index means that:

A. More from the upper group got the item correctly

B. More from the lower group got the correct answer

C. The item could not discriminate from the upper and lower group

D. The item is very difficult

 

Answer: A

Rationale: A positive discrimination index indicates that more from the upper group got the correct answer correctly. A negative discrimination index indicates that more from the lower group got the items correctly. A zero discrimination index indicates that the item could not discriminate the upper group from the lower group.

 

 

3. A rnesokurtic distribution signifies that:

A. All scores are average

B. Most scores are high

C. Most scores are average, very few are high, and very few are low

D. Most scores are low

 

Answer: C

Rationale: A rnesokurtic distribution (bell-shaped or normal curve) indicates that most scores average, with very few scores that are low and high. A leptokurtic distribution indicates that all scores are clumped or clustered in the middle. A platykurtic distribution signifies that scores are scattered or heterogeneous.

 

 

 

4. Which of the following is not a measure of central tendency?

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Standard deviation

D. Mode

 

Answer: C

Rationale: The three measures of central tendencies are the mean, median, and mode. Standard deviation, along with range and variance, are all measures of variability or dispersion.

 

5. Which of the following measures of central tendencies occurs most frequently among the distribution?

A. Mode

B. Mean

C. Median

D. Mean and mode

 

Answer: A

Rationale: The mode measures the most frequent score among the distribution. The mean is the average, while the median is the middlemost score after arranging the scores from lowest to highest or the reverse.

 

6. Which of the following measurement scales include civil status and gender?

A. Nominal

B. Ordinal

C. Interval

D. Ratio

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Nominal scales merely classifies object wherein the order is not significant (e.g. civil status and gender) as opposed to the ordinal scale that order is important. In interval scales, scores do not have a true zero, while in ratio scales have a true zero.

 

 

7. If a distribution has a high standard deviation, it means that:

A. Scores are heterogeneous

B. Scores are homogeneous

C. Scores are clustered

D. Scores are near from the mean

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Standard deviation computes how spread the scores are. The larger the standard deviation, the more spread the scores, and the group is said to be heterogeneous.

 

8. A percentile score of P90 indicates that:

A. The score is higher than 90 percent of the group

B. The score is higher than 10 percent of the group

C. The student scored 90 points

D. The student scored 90 percent of the items

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Percentile is a measure of relative position that divides the distribution into 100 groups. The higher the percentile score, the higher the scores. P90 means that the student scored higher than 90 percent of the class.

 

9. What can be said about a negatively skewed distribution?

A. Most scores are high

B. Most scores are low

C. It is skewed to the right

D. The scores are heterogeneous

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Negatively skewed means most scores are high and is skewed to the left.

 

10. Among cognitive levels of thinking, what cognitive level is stressed by the Essay question: "In the light of the facts presented, what is most likely to happen when...?"

A. Inferring

B. Classifying

C. Applying

D. Analyzing

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Inferring - to deduce or conclude from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements. Classifying - arrange (a group of people or things) in classes or categories according to shared qualities or characteristics. Applying - Solving problems by applying acquired knowledge, facts, techniques and rules in a different way. Analyzing - Examining and breaking information into parts by identifying motives or causes; making inferences and finding evidence to support generalizations.

 

11. Among the opportunities for Essay Questions, which of the following does not provide high-level thinking opportunity?

A. Analysis

B. Evaluation

C. Synthesis

D. Memorization

 

Answer: D

Rationale: Memorization belongs to knowledge level of objective is a lower order thinking skills. Application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation are all higher order thinking skills.

 

 

12. In using Essay questions, which of the following are these tests susceptible to, such as to make them less reliable measure broad knowledge of the subject matter?

A. Bluffing

B. Time consuming

C. Guessing

D. Cheating

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Since essay does not provide exact answers, answers and scoring tend to become more subjective, Also since there are no exact answers, the student may bluff for the answers without the teacher knowing it.

 

13. In her tests, Teacher Dorie made tests that were either too difficult or too easy. What was wrong with her tests?

A. Inappropriate level of difficulty of the test items

B. Identifiable pattern of answers

C. Unclear directions

D. Ambiguity

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Since the tests were too difficult or too easy, it will not provide a reliable measurement for the student's performance.

 

14. What is wrong with test items that give clues to answers to questions?

A. Unclear directions

B. Tests brevity

C. Ambiguity

D. Poor construction

 

Answer: D

Rationale: One example of poor test construction is giving clues to answer questions such as giving hints, or placing the exact words inside the stem or the situation.

 

15.    For easier correction of his test, Teacher Edward prepared the True and False items in alternating 1, 3, 5, 7 etc. True, and 2, 4, 6 etc. False. What is wrong with the test in terms of Usability?

A. Improper arrangement of items

B. Identifiable pattern of answers

C. Ambiguity

D. Poorly constructed test items

 

Answer: B

Rationale: This form of test preparation provides identifiable pattern of answers and makes it a poor test construction.

 

16. Principal Rodriguez introduced machine-scored tests in his school. What factor in scoring does this add to make tests more reliable?

A. Objective scoring

B. Cost-saving

C. Ease in checking

D. Time-economics

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Using a machine to score tests makes the scoring objective as it eliminates biases in scoring.

 

17. Tests should be non-threatening, but which of the following actually threatens students?

A. Self-record of test scores

B. Surprise quiz

C. Scheduled exam

D. Submission of report

Answer: B

Rationale: Giving surprise quizzes, although may be used as a form of punishment, threatens the child in such a manner that their performance may be affected by the emotional burden it may cause them.

 

18. Under the psychomotor domain of learning, what relates to expressive movement, posture, gesture, facial expression and creative movements, e.g. taking part in a play?

A. Skilled movements

B. Perceptual abilities

C. Non-discursive communication

D. Reflex movements

 

Answer: C

Rationale:

Anita Harlow's: Psychomotor Domain

 

1.0    Reflex Movements: To flex, to stretch, to straighten, to extend, to inhibit, to lengthen, to shorten, to tense, to stiffen, to relax Reflexes

2.0    Fundamental Movements: To crawl, to creep, to slide, to walk, to jump, to run, to grasp, to reach, to tighten, to support, to handle Changes location, moves in space while remaining in one place, moves extremities in coordinated fashion

3.0    Perceptual abilities: To catch, to bounce, to eat, to write, to balance, to bend, to draw from memory, to distinguish by touching, to explore Discriminates visually, discriminates auditory, discriminates kinesthetically, discriminates, tactually, coordinates two or more perceptual abilities.

4.0    Physical Abilities: To endure, to improve, to increase, to stop, to start, to move precisely, to touch, to bend Exerts tension, moves quickly, stops immediately, endures fatigue

5.0    Skilled: To waltz, to type, to play the piano, to plane, to file, to skate, to juggle, to paint, to dive, to fence, to golf, to change Changes or modifies basic body movement patterns, uses a tool or implement in adaptive or skilled manner

6.0 Non-discursive Communication: To gesture, to stand, to sit, to express facially, to dance skillfully, to perform skillfully, to paint skillfully, to play skillfully Moves expressively, moves interpretatively, communicates emotions, communicates esthetically, and expresses joy.

 

19. What is the meaning of a negative correlation between amount of practice and number of error in tennis?

A. The decrease in the amount of practice sometimes affects the number of errors

B. The increase in amount of practice does not at all affect the number of errors

C. Decrease in the amount of practice goes with decrease in the number of errors

D. As the amount of practice increases, the number of errors decreases

         

Answer: D

Rationale: A negative correlation is an inverse relationship_ Meaning if one variable increases, the other one decreases, or vice versa.

 

 

20. A positive correlation is to direct relation, to what relation is negative correlation?

A. Indefinite relation

B. Inverse relation

C. Definite relation

D. Neutral relation

 

Answer: B

Rationale: A negative correlation is an inverse relationship. A positive correlation is a direct relationship.

 

21. What does it mean if student Pete got a 60% percentile rank in class?

A. He scored better than 60% of the class

B. He got 60% of the test items correctly

C. He scored less than 60% of the class

D. He got 40% of the test wrongly

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Percentile is a measure of relative position. The higher the percentile, the higher the score is. P60 means that the student's scored better than 60 percent of the class.

 

22. What does it mean if the determination index of a test item is -0.35?

A. More from the upper group got the item correctly

B. The test is quite reliable

C. More from the lower group got the item correctly

D. The test item is valid

 

Answer: C

Rationale: A negative discrimination index indicates that more from the lower group got the item correctly, meaning that the item should be rejected. A positive discrimination index means that more from the upper group got the correct answers.

 

23. What does the test item mean if the difficulty index is 1?

A. Missed by everyone

B. Very easy

C. Very difficult

D. A quality item

 

Answer: B

Rationale: The higher the difficulty index, the easier the item is. A Difficulty Index of 1 means that all students got the correct answers.

 

24. Which is true when the standard deviation is big?

A. Scores are spread out

B. Scores are not extremes

C. The bell curve shape is steep

D. Scores are concentrated

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Standard deviation is a measure of variability or dispersion, meaning that a higher standard deviation, the more disperse the score is. Big standard deviation indicates that scores are spread out, extreme, and are heterogeneous.

 

 25. What is the normal curve in the grade distribution of students in a class?

A. All have average grades

B. Most get average grades, few high and low

C. Most get high grades

D. Most get low grades

 

Answer: B

Rationale: A normal curve distribution means that mean, median, and mode are equal and that most scores are average, and very few low and very few high scores.

 

26. Which measure of central tendency is most reliable when scores are extremely high and low?

A. Median

B. Mode

C. Mean

D. Cannot be identified unless individual scores are given

 

Answer: A

Rationale: When there is a presence of extreme scores, the mean is greatly affected while the median and mode are not. Between the median and mode, the former is far more reliable because it is not greatly affected by outliers or extremes as it is also considered as a measure of relative position.

 

27. Since Teacher wants his test to become more reliable, which of the following should he adopt?

A. Make a test that requires students the need for more time to complete

B. Make the test difficult

C. Increase number of test items

D. Restrict range of abilities in the test

 

Answer: C

Rationale: Reliability is defined as the consistency of scores obtained even after repeating the same or parallel instruments. The best way to increase reliability is to increase the number of items. By doing this, guessing is prevented making the results more reliable.

 

28. In interpreting assessment results, which is described when the results are consistent?

A. Reliability

B. Subjectivity

C. Validity

D. Objectivity

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Reliability is defined as the consistency of scores obtained even after repeating the same or parallel instruments. Validity measures what it intends to measure. Objectivity eliminates biases (subjectivity) in scoring.

 

 

 

29. Under the cognitive domain, which of the following gives emphasis on remembering information?

A. Knowledge

B. Comprehension

C. Application

D. Analysis

 

Answer: A

Rationale: Knowledge emphasizes on remembering information. Comprehension focuses on understanding and organizing previously learned information. Application emphasizes on using information in pertinent situations. Analysis focuses on thinking critically about information by studying its parts.

 

30. Which of the following are examples of concepts that fall under analysis level of objective?

A. Memorizing

B. Discussing

C. Judging

D. Interpreting

 

Answer: D

Rationale: Examples of concepts under analysis level are interpreting, differentiating, comparing, inventing, developing, and generalizing. Memorizing falls under knowledge, discussing under comprehension, and judging under evaluation.


BACK