"My loyalty to my party ends where my loyalty to my country begins." This statement came from Manuel L. Quezon.
71% is the total percentage cover to earth's surface of the four oceans and numerous seas.
Absolute monarchy is a form of government where the monarch rules unhindered, i.e., without any laws, constitution or legally organized opposition.
According to Montesquieu, Europe is said to be "the intellectual center of the word.”
Adam Smith, a capitalist, said that "the combination of
self-interest, private property, and competition among sellers in markets will
lead producers as by an "invisible hand" to an end that they did not
intend, namely, the well-being of society.
After Rizal completed his studies in Madrid, Rizal went to Paris and Germany in order to specialize in ophthalmology.
Agueda Esteban is the wife of Artemio Ricarte who carried secret messages about the Spanish troops.
Alipin/Oripun refers to the lowest social class among the various cultures of the Philippines.
Aliping Namamahay could own a house and live away from the master's house (our modem version is the "stay out" helper).
Aliping Sagigilid absolutely had nothing and stayed in the master's household (our modern version is the "stay in" helper or kasambahay.
All men belong to one great human family called Homo Sapiens.
Along with the Philippines, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand are the countries that are members of the ASEAN.
Among landmarks with historical significance in East Visayas is MacArthur Landing Memorial.
Among the great teachers and philosophers of the Chou dynasty, Lao Tzu wrote the Tao Te Ching.
Anarchy is a condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of governmental authority.
Animism is the religious belief that objects, places and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.
Antonio Pigafetta records the travels of Magellan.
Aryans are defined as early speakers of Vedic Sanskrit, an Indo-European language that provided the basis for all the languages in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh as well as the majority of those in Europe.
As a science of humanity and its society, Anthropology seeks to present an integrated picture of man.
As an insular country, the archipelagic doctrine adheres to the Philippines when it comes to territorial boundary.
Asia is called the cradle of mankind because almost all races of man are found in Asia.
Asia is the largest continent of our planet, both in size and also when population is considered.
Asia's physical feature is generally characterized by mountain ranges, plateaus, peninsulas, rivers.
At the National Exposition of Fine Arts in Madrid in 1884, joined by many painters in Europe, Luna won first prize (gold medal) for his Spolarium.
August Comte (1798-1857) was a French sociologist and known for being "The Father of Sociology."
Authoritarian
is a form of government in which state authority is imposed onto many aspects
of citizens' lives.
Baclaran, Divisoria and Quiapo thrive as economic landscapes because of their location, transportation mode and accessibility, and land use.
Bahasa Malaysia, is the Asian language nearest to Filipino.
Bonifacio founded the "Katastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan" (KKK) on July 7, 1892 in a house on Azcarraga street in Tondo Manila.
Borneo in South-East Asia is also the third largest island in the world and the largest in Asia.
Buyers and sellers are brought together in a market, which can be a location or an electronic connection.
Cabecerras are resettlement of Filipino communities to form town centers.
Camilo de Polavieja oversaw the court martial and death of Jose Rizal on December 30, 1896. Twenty-four more people were executed with Rizal.
Capital goods are items a business uses to produce goods or services to sell to consumers; examples include manufacturing equipment and business facilities.
Capitalism is an economic system based on free enterprise.
Cebu is the first permanent settlement of Spaniards.
Cebu: Sinulog, Kalibo: Ati-atihan, Iloilo: Dinagyang
Cedulla replaced the tribute as a form of taxation in the Hispanic Philippine colony in 1884.
Ciudad del Santisimo Nombre de Jesus was the first Spanish town established in the country; now known as Cebu City.
Clothing is an example of material culture.
Code of Kalantiaw was a legendary legal code in the epic story Maragtas. It is said to have been written in 1433 by Datu Kalantiaw.
Colonial Mentality is a kind of mentality that makes Filipinos think that imported products are superior to Filipino products which does not help the country's economy at all.
Commodity is raw material (like crude oil or iron ore) or agricultural product (like unprocessed wheat or corn) purchased in enormous quantities for production purposes
Common to the datu of the pre-spaniards period and the governor-general of the Spanish colonial era are the executive, judicial, and legislative powers.
Commonwealth is a nation, state or other political entity founded on law and united by a compact of the people for the common good.
Communist is a system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single often authoritarian party holds power; state controls are imposed with the elimination of private ownership of property or capital while claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people (i.e., a classless society).
Constitution of Government refers to those provision which define the power of any instrumentality of the Government. Legislative, Executive and Judicial Part of the Government.
Constitution of Liberty refers to those provision which define the right of the people. Bill of Rights is a good example.
Constitution of Sovereignty refers to those provision which outline the process by which the people can revise/amend the constitution.
Constitutional democracy is a form of government in which the sovereign power of the people is spelled out in a governing constitution.
Constitutional monarchy is a system of government in which a monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom.
Constitutional Right is a right or freedom which is guaranteed to citizens by that country's constitution.
Consumer is anyone (person or business) that uses (consumes) goods or service.
Dark ages, a period in Western European history is so called because it was characterized by chaos.
Deflation is the result of sustained price decreases in an economy; indicates that the economy is weakening (contracting).
Demand is the extent to which there is a market for goods or services.
Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the people, but which is usually exercised indirectly through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically renewed.
Due to the lack of unity and leadership, the revolts failed to sensitize the people to a new spectrum of common identities and purposes. This explains the weakness of the early Filipino revolt.
Durian is said to be the "King of the fruits."
Epifanio delos Santos is a man of many talents; the former highway 54 is now named after him (EDSA).
Every June, Manila has its festival of outstanding
Filipino films. This was a project initiated by Antonio
Villegas.
F. Landa Jocano debunked the theory that the Malays were the ancestors of the early Filipinos by the formation of land bridges during the Ice Age.
Falla is a payment to be exempted from Polo.
Federal (Federation) is a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided - usually by means of a constitution - between a central authority and a number of constituent regions (states, colonies or provinces) so that each region retains some management of its internal affairs; differs from a confederacy in that the central government exerts influence directly upon both individuals as well as upon the regional units.
Felipe Agoncillo is the Outstanding Diplomat of the First Philippine Republic.
Fernando Ma. Guerrero is the Poet of the Revolution.
Feudalism, in one hand, advantageous to civilization for from it, there developed the code which all knights were required to follow through Code of Ethics.
Filipinos offered prayers and food to their anitos that corresponds to the present saints.
First Sundials in the Philippines are built in Tagudin, Ilocos Sur.
Four main elements make it possible for a nation's economy to grow. They are natural resources, capital, labor force, and technology.
French Revolution (1787-1799), also called Revolution of 1789, was the revolutionary movement that changed France's form of government between 1787 and 1799 and reached its first climax there in 1789.
From Sung Dynasty sources in 982 AD, early Chinese traders and geographers named the Philippines as "Ma-yi."
Gen. Wesley Merritt was the first military governor ordered by the
US President to establish a military government.
Geographers divide Asia into five sub-regions, namely Central Asia, East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Western Asia.
Globalization is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.
Gov-Gen. Rafael de Izquierdo was the general who executed the three martyr-priests blamed for the mutiny: Fathers Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, later collectively called "GomBurZa."
Great Wall was built as a defensive rampart against the
marauding tartar
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value (in money) of goods and services produced within a country during a certain timeframe; usually calculated annually.
Gross National Product (GNP) is GDP plus value of goods and services for which people who live in the country own the means of production; items can be made anywhere.
Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was an English sociologist best known for coining the expression "The Survival of the Fittest."
Humanism of ancient period is associated with the Romans who valued so much to man's intelligence.
If continued, man's destruction of rich resources would bring about environmental problems.
Impeachment is the process wherein the President, Vice President, Member of the Supreme Court, Member of the Constitutional commission and Ombudsman, may be removed from office if they commit impeachable offence as prescribe in the constitution.
Imperialism is a state policy, practice, or advocacy of extending power and dominion, especially by direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control of other areas.
In 1570 the encomienda was introduced in the Philippines when Legaspi, in compliance with the decree issued by King Philip II in 1558, distributed lands in Cebu to loyal Spanish subjects. These men had helped conquer the Philippines.
In another Luna's great painting "The Blood Compact" Rizal posed as Sikatuna while Dr. Trinidad Pardo de Tavera posed as Legazpi.
In classical Athens, the Sophists emphasized the individual's attainment of excellence through rhetoric, grammar, music and mathematics.
In precolonial times, the law was written and announced to the whole barangay by umalokohan, the public announcer.
Income is money a business or a person earns in exchange for providing services or products to a purchaser or employer.
India is South Asia's largest country.
Industrial Revolution (1800) was the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing which began in Britain in the 18th century that spreads to other parts of the world.
Industrial revolution refers to the period of transition from the use of human and animal power to the use of machine in producing and distributing goods.
Inflation is the degree to which there are sustained price increases for certa within an economy.
John F. Kennedy was the American President who said, "Ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man."
José Basco y Vargas established the Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País, or the Economic Society of Friends of the Country, which revived the tobacco industry in the Spanish Philippines.
King Tupas Brother offered himself as a captive of the king of Spain in place of his daughter who was made captive. This shows strong personal and family ties of Cebuano pre-Hispanic society.
Known as Virgin Queen who gave England's most prosperous years in wealth and culture was Queen Elizabeth I.
Lack of qualification is the reason of the protest on the election of Andres Bonifacio as Director of the Interior.
Law of Demand states that quantity purchased varies inversely with price. In other words, the higher the price, the lower the quantity demanded.
Law of Supply states that a higher price leads to a higher quantity supplied and that a lower price leads to a lower quantity supplied.
Limasawa is where the first mass was held in the Philippines which introduced Christianity.
Local Autonomy is the exercise of certain basic powers, police power, power of eminent domain and taxing power by local government units so as to best serve the interest and promote the general well-being of their inhabitants.
Local Government refers to a political subdivision of a nation or state which is constituted by law and has substantial control of local affairs with official elected or otherwise locally selected.
Lope de Vega established the National Theater in Spain.
Loss of qualified teachers going abroad is a type of Brain drain.
Macroeconomics is the area of economics that focuses on functioning of the overall economy on a large scale, such as globally or for a multinational region or country.
Magellan has five ships: Trinidad (main ship), San Antonio, Concepcion, Santiago (smallest ship), Victoria (only one to return to Spain).
Maharlika is the ruling class in pre-colonial of the Philippines.
Manila, the capital city of the Philippines, takes its name from a white flower that grew on mangrove trees, locally known as nilad. May nilad' can be translated to mean 'there are nilad there.'
Marxism is the political, economic and social principles espoused by 19th century economist Karl Marx; he viewed the struggle of workers as a progression of historical forces that would proceed from a class struggle of the proletariat (workers) exploited by capitalists (business owners), to a socialist "dictatorship of the proletariat," to, finally, a classless society - Communism.
Microeconomics is the branch of economics that focuses on factor that impact the buying habits of individual consumers and businesses.
Mindanao is the second biggest island of the country.
Monarchy is a government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by hereditary right; the monarch may be either a sole absolute ruler or a sovereign - such as a king, queen or prince with constitutionally limited authority.
Nationalism is a belief, creed or political ideology that involves an individual identifying with, or becoming attached to, one's nation.
Natural Rights are rights that believe it is important for all animals or even living beings to have out of natural law. These rights are often viewed as unalienable, meaning they can almost never be taken away.
Oligarchy is
a government in which control is exercised by a small group of individuals
whose authority generally is based on wealth or power.
On his last night in Manila, Rizal rode about the city and its suburbs. He was accompanied by Paciano.
On March 16, 1521, Magellan's expedition landed on Homonhon Island in the Philippines.
One of the advantages of presidential system of government is the principle of the separation of powers and checks and balances is observed.
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is one of the successful cartels that controls the world market for oil.
Overpopulation and poverty are serious problems in Asia. In order to solve these, one can help by adhering to the government's program of Responsible Parenthood.
PAGASA announces the approach of the seasonal winds. The familiar names used are Amihan and Habagat, internationally known as Northeast and Southwest respectively.
Panday Pira is the first Filipino Cannon-maker.
Pedro Paterno is the Peacemaker of the Revolution.
The "Kataas-taasang Sanggunian" (supreme council) was the highest governing body of the Katipunan. It was headed by a supremo, or president.
The 1987 Constitution created the Commission on Appointment with the power to confirm major appointments of the president.
The article that Rizal wrote in Diariong Tagalog urging his compatriots to love their fatherland just like his prize-winning piece "A La Juventud Filipina" is "Amor Patrio."
The Asian World, said to be the region of the rising sun refers to the East.
The basis of John Dewey's commitment to naturalism is Darwin's theory of evolution.
The chancellor of Prussia who successfully united Germany and made it a republic was Otto von Bismark.
The credit cooperative promotes thrift among members and generates funds in order to lend to its members.
The Executive Power approves or vetoes the bill passed by Congress.
The famous Rizal monument in Luneta was not the work of a Filipino but a Swiss sculptor named Richard Kissling.
The Filipino trait of "pakikisama" is said to be ambivalent because it can be used for or against the person who values it.
The government tax people's labor through an income tax.
The greatest Babylonian ruler and famous for his written code was Hammurabi.
The greatest legacy of the Americans to the Filipinos is education while to that Spaniards is Christianity.
The House of Representatives serve as the initiating body in the Impeachment Case. After that, the Senate has the power to try and serve as Impeachment court.
The northern part of Asia experiences freezing cold.
The Philippine Bill of
1902 provided a bill of rights
which guaranteed the Filipinos the right to speech, free press and the freedom
to petition for the redress of grievances.
The Philippines is approximately 300,000 square kilometers (115,831 sq mi) of land area are spread over 7,641 islands.
The Philippines is made up of 7,641 islands, making it one of the largest archipelagos in the world. But more than 5,000 of the islands remain unnamed on most international maps.
The Philippines is the only Asian nation that is predominantly Christian. While many of its Southeast Asian neighbors practice Buddhism, 86 percent of the Filipino population is Roman Catholic.
The power of judicial review of the courts to interpret the constitution and to declare any legislative or executive act invalid because it is in conflict with the fundamental law.
The Renaissance is a vibrant period of European cultural, artistic, political and scientific "rebirth" after the Middle Ages, was led by people including Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Machiavelli and the Medici family.
The rice terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The terraces were built about 2,000 years ago and thanks to the rough terrain keeping settlers out-remain as they would have been in pre-colonial times.
The saying "Every right has a corresponding duty" means that rights and duties are reciprocal.
The sole power to declare existence of a state of war is the Congress.
The term barangay was derived from the Malay word barangay or balangay, which means sailboat.
The time orientation of the Filipino is situational rather than mathematical.
The Treaty of Paris was a treaty signed by Spain and the United States on December 10, 1898, that ended the Spanish-American War.
Timawa refers to the class of Filipinos who were free and independent.
Timawa or Freemen were the feudal warrior class of the ancient Visayan societies of the Philippines.
Tipol is the largest Philippine Bird.
Totalitarian is a government that seeks to subordinate the individual to the state by controlling not only all political and economic matters, but also the attitudes, values and beliefs of its population.
Treaty of Tordesillas is the agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th century voyagers.
Tributo is a tax or tribute to the colonial government paid by the Filipinos. This tribute means loyalty to the Spanish Government.
What is important to Asian people is the inner or spiritual purity and not materialistic interests. This trait is religiosity.
When John concealed the fact during marriage that he was a homosexual, he committed the crime of fraud.
When the commonwealth government of the Philippines fall, a Republican Democracy was formed.
William Howard Taft was the first Civil Governor and also the first lawmaking body of the Philippines under the Americans; while Governor Taft exercised legislative powers.
Writ of Certiorari is a writ issued by higher court requiring the lower court to elevate the case to them for the purpose of review.
Writ of Kalikasan is a writ for the protection and preservation of the environment.
Writ of Mandamus is an order from the superior court requiring the lower court to do their duty.
Writ of Prohibition is an order form the superior court to prohibit the lower court for further proceeding in an action or matter.
Writ of Quo warrant is an order in which the legality of the individual to the government position is questioned and challenged.
Yangtze River is the longest on the Asian continent. It is
in China and is 6,300 meters or 3,915 miles long.