|
EARTH |
|
|
Moon can orbit around the earth for 27 days |
|
|
Only rocky planet with form of life |
|
|
With 72% body of water; With 28% is land |
|
|
Has core of iron and nickel; Has mantle of iron and rock; Has
crust majorly made of basalt |
|
|
Silicon is the most abundant mineral in the Earth's crust |
|
|
Diameter |
7, 926 miles (12,756 km) |
|
Number of moon |
(Luna - natural satellite) |
|
Highest point on Earth |
Mt. Everest |
|
Lowest point on Earth |
Marianas Trench |
|
Longest river on Earth |
Nile River |
|
Largest lake on Earth |
Caspian Sea |
|
Deepest lake on Earth |
Lake Baikal |
|
Largest and deepest ocean on Earth |
Pacific Ocean |
|
Longest mountain range on Earth |
Andes mountain |
|
Highest waterfall on Earth |
Angel Falls |
|
Largest waterfall on Earth |
Victoria Falls |
|
Biggest sand island on Earth |
Fraser Island |
|
Largest continent on Earth |
Asia |
|
Largest country in Asia |
China |
|
Smallest continent on Earth |
Australia |
|
Smallest independent state |
Vatican City |
|
Largest nation by area |
Russian Federation |
|
Most populous nations |
China and India |
|
Highest population density |
Monaco |
|
Largest archipelago |
Indonesia |
|
Largest landlocked country |
Kazakhstan |
|
Smallest landlocked country: |
Vatican City |
Continents of the world-
from Pangaea to Laurasia and Gondwanaland to 7 continents:
1.
Asia
2.
Africa
3.
North America
4.
South America
5.
Antarctica
6.
Europe
7.
Australia
Types of storms:
·
Cyclone-form in Indian Ocean
·
Hurricane - form in Atlantic Ocean
· Typhoon-form in Pacific Ocean
Global Warming
·
Cause by increased amount of greenhouse gases
·
Greenhouse gases are molecules absorbing the
reflected heat from earth's surface
·
Examples of greenhouse gases: Carbon dioxide,
Methane, Nitrous Oxide
· May cause forest fire, and climate changes effects like el Niño and la Niña
PHILIPPINES
·
Located on the Ring of Fire - area on the
surface of the earth where volcanoes in an arc formation.
·
Has 7, 641 islands
·
Has Luzon, Mindanao, and Samar as the largest
islands
·
Palawan as the largest province
·
Batanes as the smallest province
·
Has Mt. Pinatubo as the highest point
·
Manila City as the country's capital
·
The only Christian country in Asia
·
Had 5 different republic of the Philippines
created from Spanish time up to present
·
Philippines is an archipelago - islands
surrounded by water
·
South of Philippines is the Celebes Sea
·
Northwest of Philippine is the West Philippine
Sea
·
East of Philippines is the Philippine Sea
·
Coastline is about 36, 290 km (22, 550 miles)
·
70 years old is the average Filipino life
expectancy
·
Philippine Peso as the currency
·
World's second largest archipelago
·
Combination of Malay, Chinese, Spaniard, and
American culture
·
Most extensive river system: PuRio Grande
·
Known active volcanoes are Mt. Mayon, Taal
Volcano, and Mt. Apo
·
BaLongest mountain range: Sierra Madre
·
Largest type of forest: Dipterocarp forest
·
Largest freshwater lake: Laguna de Bay
·
Government type: Republic and Democratic
LUZON
·
National Capital Region (NCR)
·
Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR)
·
Region 1- Ilocos
·
Region 2 - Cagayan Valley
·
Region 3 Central Luzon
·
Region 4 - Southern Tagalog
·
Region 5 Bicol
VISAYAS
·
Region 6 - Western Visayas
·
Region 7 - Central Visayas
·
Region 8 - Eastern Visayas
MINDANAO
·
Region 9 - Western Mindanao
·
Region 10 - Northern Mindanao
·
Region 11 - Southern Mindanao
·
Region 12 - Central Mindanao
· Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao – ARMM
|
INVENTION/DISCOVERY |
PLACE OF ORIGIN |
|
Alphabet |
Egypt |
|
Boat |
Australasia |
|
Calendar |
Babylonia |
|
Coinage |
Turkey |
|
Control
of Fire |
Africa |
|
Farming |
Mesopotamia |
|
Horse
domestication |
Europe/Asia |
|
Irrigation |
Mesopotamia
|
|
Law
code |
Babylonia |
|
Mechanical
Calculator |
Germany |
|
Mining |
Europe |
|
Newspaper |
Germany |
|
Paper |
Ancient
china |
|
Permanent
shelters |
Eastern
Europe |
|
Plough |
Mesopotamia |
|
Pottery
vessels |
Ancient
Japan |
|
Scientific
method |
England |
|
Silk
Weaving |
Mesopotamia |
|
COUNTRY |
EPIDEMICS |
|
India |
Cholera |
|
Mediterranean |
Plague
of Justinian |
|
Worldwide |
Black
death |
|
India |
Bubonic
Plague |
|
Worldwide |
Spanish
Influenza |
|
|
|
|
GREAT FLOODS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
England |
Flooding
of Thames River |
|
Netherlands
and Germany |
North
Sea Storm |
|
Western
England |
Tsunami
in the Bristol Channel |
|
China |
Flooding
of Yellow River |
|
Central
China |
Flooding
of Yellow, Yangtze, and Huai River |
|
FAMINES |
DESCRIPTION |
|
Central
America |
Collapse
of Classic Maya Civilization |
|
China |
Sparked
the Huang Zhao Rebellion |
|
Japan |
Kangi
Famine |
|
India |
The
Durga Dewi Famine in Maharashtra |
|
Iran |
The
Great Persian Famine |
|
Ukraine |
The
Holodomor |
|
VOLCANIC ERUPTION |
DESCRIPTION |
|
Krakatoa |
Produced
beautiful sunset |
|
Laki |
Produced
largest lava flow ever recorded |
|
Lanzarote |
Eruption
in Canary Island |
|
Montagne |
Destroyed
the town of Saint-Pierre |
|
Oraefajokull |
"Glacier
Burst" |
|
Tambora,
Sumbawa |
"Year
without a summer" |
|
Vesuvius |
Destroyed
the Pompeii and Herculaneum |
|
EARTHQUAKES |
DESCRIPTION |
|
Kanto,
Japan |
Most
destructive earthquake in Japanese history |
|
Lebanese
Coast |
Widespread
destruction in Beirut, Tyre, and Tripoli |
|
Shaanxi,
China |
Most
destructive earthquake in China's history |
|
Sparta,
Greece |
Revolt
of helots and outbreak of Peloponnesian War |
|
EXPLORERS |
CONTRIBUTION |
|
Alexander
Gordon Laing |
First
European to reach Timbuktu |
|
Bartolomeu
Dias |
Rounded
Africa's Cape of Good Hope |
|
Christopher
Columbus |
Discovered
the Americas, landing in the Bahamas, discovered the mainland of south
America |
|
Diniz
Diaz |
Discovered
the Cape Verde islands off the west coast of Africa |
|
Ferdinand
Magellan |
Explored
the Philippines |
|
Francis
Drake |
Circumnavigated
the globe |
|
Francisco
Pizarro |
Led
the conquest of the Inca Empire in Peru |
|
Francisco
Vasquez de Coronado |
Reached
the Grand Canyon in 1540 |
|
Heman
Cortes |
Led
the conquest of the Aztec Empire in Mexico |
|
James
Cook |
Mapped
the New Zealand and Australian coasts |
|
John
Cabot |
Discovered
mainland of north America |
|
Juan
Ponce de Leon |
Discovered
Florida |
|
Leif
Eriksson |
Discovered
the Vinland, part of north America |
|
Matthew
Flinders |
Circumnavigated
Australia |
|
Meriwether
Lewis |
Led
the first transcontinental expedition across the US |
|
Pedro
Alvarez |
Discovered
Brazil |
|
Cabral
Richard Byrd |
Completed
the first overflight of the North pole |
|
Roald
Amundsen |
First
man to reach the South Pole |
|
Vasco
Nunez de Balboa |
First
European to Navigate the South Sea |
|
William
Dampier |
Crossed
the Pacific Ocean |
|
WARS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
Afghanistan
War |
US-led
coalition versus Taliban |
|
Chinese
Civil War |
Communists
versus Nationalists |
|
Eighty
Years' War |
Dutch
versus Philip II of Spain |
|
First
Roman Civil War |
Julius
Caesar versus Pompey the Great |
|
French
Revolutionary Wars |
France
versus varying coalitions including Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia |
|
Hundred
Years Wars |
English
versus French |
|
Onin
War |
Yamana
clan versus Hosakawa clan |
|
Second
Roman Civil War |
Octavian
versus Mark Anthony |
|
Spanish
Civil War |
Nationalists
versus Republicans |
|
The
Crusades |
Various
western European Christian armies versus Muslim states of the eastern
Mediterranean and Egypt |
|
The
Great Northern War |
Sweden
versus Denmark |
|
War
of the Three Kingdoms |
Charles
I and Royalists versus Parliamentarians |
|
World
War I |
Entente
versus Central Powers |
|
World
War II |
Allies
versus Axis |
|
GREAT THINKERS |
CONTRIBUTIONS |
|
Aristotle |
Father
of Biology |
|
Bertrand
Russell |
Principia
Mathematica |
|
Buddha |
Founder
of Buddhism as a path to achieving spiritual enlightenment |
|
Confucius |
Founder
of Confucianism, promote social harmony |
|
David
Hume |
Treatise
of Human Nature |
|
Francis
Bacon |
Novum
Organum |
|
G.
W. F. Heget |
The
Phenomenology of Spirit |
|
George
Berkeley |
Principles
of Human Knowledge |
|
Immanuel
Kant |
Critique
of Pure Reason |
|
Jean-Jacques
Rousseau |
Proponent
of the Social Contract |
|
John
Locke |
Proponent
of Empiricism |
|
Karl
Max |
Philosopher
of Communism |
|
Lao
Tzu |
Founder
of Daosim |
|
Ludwig
Wittgenstein |
Tractatus
Logico-Philosophicus |
|
Plato |
The
Republic |
|
Plotinus |
Father
of Neoplatonism |
|
Rene
Descartes |
Meditations |
|
Saren
Kierkegard |
Concluding
Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Fragments |
|
Socrates |
"A
life unexamined is not worth living" |
|
St.
Augustine of Hippo |
Summa
Theologiae |
|
AUTHORS |
CONTRIBUTIONS |
|
Aeschylus |
Seven
Against Thebes |
|
Alexander
Pushkin |
Eugene
Onegin |
|
Alexandre
Dumas |
Three
Musketeers |
|
Aristophanes |
The
Frogs |
|
Dante
Alighieri |
Divine
Comedy |
|
Euripides |
Medea |
|
Geoffrey
Chaucer |
The
Canterbury Tales |
|
Homer |
Odyssey |
|
Jane
Austen |
Pride
and Prejudice |
|
Jean
Racine |
Phedre |
|
Johann
Wolfgang von Goethe |
Faust |
|
John
Keats |
Endymion |
|
John
Milton |
Paradise
Lost |
|
Jonathan
Swift |
Gulliver's
Travels |
|
Miguel
de Cervantes |
Don
Quixote |
|
Moliere |
Le
Misanthrope |
|
Murasaki
Shikibu |
The
Tale of Genji |
|
Ovid |
Metamorphoses |
|
Petrarch |
Canzoniere |
|
Ralph
Waldo Emerson |
The
Conduct of Life |
|
Valmiki |
Ramayana |
|
Victor
Hugo |
Les
Miserables |
|
Virgil |
Aeneid |
|
William
Shakespeare |
Romeo
and Juliet |
|
Xueqin
Cao |
Dream
of the Red Chamber |
|
PAINTERS/SCULPTORS |
CONTRIBUTIONS |
|
Donato
de Nicocolo |
David |
|
Exekias |
Achilles
and Ajax Playing in a Game |
|
Fra
Angelico |
Annunciation |
|
Fra
Filippo Lippi |
Tarquinia
Madonna |
|
Giotto
di Bondone |
Life
of St. Francis |
|
Gu
Kaizhi |
Admonitions
of the Instructress to the Court Ladies |
|
Jacobo
Robusti Tintoretto |
Last
Supper |
|
Jan
van Eyck |
Wedding
Portrait |
|
Leonardo
da Vinci |
Mona
Lisa |
|
Nicola
Pisano |
Pulpit
of the Baptistry of Pisa Cathedral |
|
Paolo
Uccello |
The
Battle of San Romano |
|
Phidias |
Frieze
of the Parthenon |
|
Praxiteles |
Cnidian
Aphrodite |
|
Raffaello
Sanzio da Urbino |
Sistine
Madonna |
|
Rogier
van der Weyden |
Deposition |
|
SCIENTISTS |
CONTRIBUTIONS |
|
Alexander
Fleming |
Penicillin |
|
Alexander
Graham Bell |
Telephone |
|
Antoine
Lavoiser |
Discovered
oxygen |
|
Antoine
Van Leeuwenhoek |
Invented
the Compound Microscope |
|
Barbara
McClintock |
Discovered
the jumping genes |
|
Caroline
Herschel |
Catalogue
of nebulae |
|
Caralus
Linnaeus |
Father
of Modern Taxonomy |
|
Charles
Darwin |
On
the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection |
|
Copernicus |
Heliocentric
Model |
|
Daniel
Bernoulli |
Kinetic
Theory |
|
Dmitri
Mendeleev |
Periodic
Table of Elements |
|
Euclid |
Optics |
|
Francis
Bacon |
Scientific
Method |
|
Gregor
Mendel |
Father
of Genetics |
|
Isaac
Newton |
Universal
gravitation |
|
James
Clerk Maxwell |
Electromagnetism |
|
James
Watson and Francis Crick |
Structured
the model of DNA |
|
Matthias
Schleiden |
Discovered
the Plant Cell |
|
Michael
Faraday |
Electrolysis |
|
Neils
Bohr |
Quantum
Mechanics |
|
Ptolemy |
Geocentric
Model |
|
Robert
Brown |
Discovered
the nucleus |
|
Robert
Bunsen |
Discovered
Cesium and Rubidium |
|
Robert
Hooke |
Coined
the term "cell" |
|
Rosalind
Franklin |
Discovered
the DNA |
|
Rudolf
Virchow |
"Cells
came from pre-existing cells" |
|
Staphanie
Kwolek |
Invented
the Kevlar |
|
Theodore
Schwann |
Discovered
the Animal Cell |
|
William
Harvey |
Human
blood circulation |
Five ships of Magellan:
1.
San Antonio
2.
Santiago
3.
Trinidad
4.
Concepcion
5.
Victoria
Five groups of
evangelizers arrived in the Philippines:
1. Augustinian
2. Franciscans
3. Jesuits
4. Dominicans
5. Recolletos
|
SPANISH TERMS |
DEFINITION |
|
Peninsulares |
Full-blooded
Spaniard living in the Philippines born in Spain |
|
Insulares |
Full-blooded
Spaniard born and living in the Philippines |
|
Ilustrados |
Wealthy individuals studied overseas |
|
Mestizos |
Mixed racial origins |
|
Indio |
Native Filipinos |
|
Sangley |
Full-blooded Chinese |
|
Polo y Servicios |
Forced Labor |
|
Falla |
Exemption
Fee to Polo y Servicios |
|
Cedula |
Personal
Identification Paper |
|
Obras Plas |
Charitable foundation |
|
Gobernadorcillo |
Mayor |
|
LANDMARKS OF THE PHILIPPINES |
LOCATION |
|
NATIONAL PARKS |
|
|
Biak na Bato National Park |
Bulacan |
|
Caramoan Peninsula National Park |
Camarines Sur |
|
Hundred Islands National Park |
Pangasinan |
|
Minalungao National Park |
Nueva Ecija |
|
Fuyot Springs National Park |
Isabela |
|
Mount Arayat National Park |
Pampanga |
|
Guadalupe
Mabugnao Mainit Hot Spring National Park |
Cebu |
|
CHURCHES |
|
|
San
Jose de Ivana Church |
Batanes |
|
Paoay
Church |
Ilocos
Norte |
|
Bantay
Church |
Ilocos
Sur |
|
Calasiao
Church |
Pangasinan |
|
Betis
Church |
Pampanga |
|
Barasoain
Church |
Bulacan |
|
Paete
Church |
Laguna |
|
Taal
Basilica |
Batangas |
|
Tayabas
Basilica |
Quezon |
|
Daraga
Church |
Albay |
|
Parish
Church of San Raymundo de Peñaforte |
Cagayan |
|
Parish
Church of San Andres de Masinloc |
Zambales |
|
Parish
Church of the Assumption of Our Lady |
Cavite |
|
Baclayon
Church |
Bohol |
|
Miag-ao
Church |
Iloilo |
|
CULTURAL AND
HISTORICAL LANDMARKS |
|
|
Rizal
Park |
Manila |
|
Calle
Crisologo |
Ilocos
Sur |
|
Leyte
Landing Memorial Park |
Leyte |
|
Sandugo
Shrine |
Bohol |
|
Mactan
Shrine |
Cebu |
|
Jose
Rizal Shrine |
Dapitan |
|
Basilica
del Santo Niño |
Cebu |
|
PHILIPPINE
FESTIVALS |
LOCATION |
MONTH |
|
Ati-Atihan
Festival |
Kalibo,
Aklan |
January |
|
Mahaguyog
Festival |
Sto.
Tomas, Batangas |
February |
|
Ollalion
Festival |
Tabuk,
Kalinga |
February |
|
Babaylanes
Festival |
Bago,
Negros Occidental |
February |
|
Kaamulan
Festival |
Malaybalay,
Bukidnon |
February |
|
Malasimbo
Festival |
Puerto
Galera, Mindoro |
March |
|
Centurion
Festival |
General
Luna, Quezon |
March |
|
Pasalamat
Festival |
La
Carlota, Negros Occidental |
May |
|
Pista'y
Dayat Festival |
Lingayen,
Pangasinan |
May |
|
Carabao
Carozza Race Festival |
Pavia,
Iloilo |
May |
|
Tapusan
Festival |
Alitagtag,
Batangas |
May |
|
Barangay
Boat Festival |
Aparri,
Cagayan |
May |
|
Pahiyas
Festival |
Lucban,
Quezon |
May |
|
Pahoy
- Pahoy Festival |
Calbiga,
Samar |
May |
|
Pagoda
Festival |
Bocaue,
Bulacan |
July |
|
Kahimoan
Abayan Festival |
Butuan,
Agusan del Norte |
July |
|
Pangapog
Festival |
Samal,
Davao del Norte |
August |
|
Palu
- Palo Festival |
Basco,
Batanes |
August |
|
Pasaka
Festival |
Tanuan,
Leyte |
August |
|
Kalibongan
Festival |
Kidapawan,
North Cotabato |
August |
|
Hin-ay
Festival |
Irosin,
Sorsogon |
September |
|
Sarakiki
Festival |
Calbayog
Western Samar |
September |
|
Banigan
- Kawayan Festival |
Basey,
Samar |
September |
|
Inug
- Og Festival |
Oroquieta,
Misamis Ocidental |
October |
|
Sagingan
Festival |
Tubod,
Lanao del Norte |
October |
|
Megayon
Festival |
Tigbao,
Zambaoanga del Sur |
October |
|
Lanzones
Festival |
Mambajao,
Camiguin |
October |
|
Catadungan
Festival |
Virac,
Catanduanes |
October |
|
Sanduguan
Festival |
Calapan,
Occidental Mindoro |
November |
|
P'yagsawitan
Festival |
Marasugan,
Compostela Valley |
November |
|
Maytinis
Festival |
Kawit,
Cavite |
December |
PHILIPPINES PRESIDENTS
·
Emilio F.
Aguinaldo - 1st President of
the Malolos Republic
·
Manuel L.
Quezon - 1st President of the
Philippine Commonwealth
·
Jose P. Laurel - 1st President of the Japanese Sponsored
Government
·
Sergio S.
Osmeña Sr. - 1st Speaker of
Philippine Assembly
·
Manuel L.
Roxas - 1st President of the
3rd Republic
·
Elpidio R.
Quirino - Amended the 1935
Constitution
·
Ramon F.
Magsaysay - Opened the
Malacañang to the poor
·
Carlos P.
Garcia - Proponent of Filipino
First Policy
·
Diosdado P.
Macapagal - Father of Land
Reform Act
·
Ferdinand E.
Marcos - Longest reigning
President
·
Corazon C.
Aquino - 1st female President
·
Fidel V. Ramos - Created the Philippines 2000
·
Joseph E.
Estrada - Father of the Masses
·
Gloria M.
Arroyo - Led the Strong
Republic
·
Benigno Simeon
C. Aquino III - Created the K
to 12 curriculum
· Rodrigo R. Duterte - 1st President from Mindanao
|
BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT |
ROLES |
MEMBERS |
|
Legislative |
Makes
the law |
Senate |
|
House
of Representatives |
||
|
Executive |
Carries
out the law |
President |
|
Vice
President |
||
|
Cabinet |
||
|
Judiciary |
Evaluates
the law |
Supreme
Courts and other Courts |
1987 CONSTITUTION OF
THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
Preamble
We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of
Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a
Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common
good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our
posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and
a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and
promulgate this Constitution.
Article I
National Territory
The national territory comprises the Philippine
archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced therein, and all other
territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction,
consisting of its terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, including its
territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other
submarine areas. The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the
internal waters of the Philippines.
Article II - Declaration
of Principles and State Policies
Article III-
Bill of Rights
Article IV - Citizenship
Article V - Suffrage
Article VI - Legislative Department
Article VII - Executive Department
Article VIII - Judicial Department
Article IX - Constitutional Commissions
Article X - Local Government
Article XI - Accountability of Public Officers
Article XII - National Economy and Patrimony
Article XIII - Social Justice and Human Rights
Article XIV - Education, Science and Technology, Arts,
Culture and Sports
Article XV - The Family
Article XVI - General Provisions
Article XVII - Amendments or Revisions
Article XVIII - Transitory Provisions