A 25-year old pregnant women is on her last month of pregnancy and has been experiencing uterine contractions every 20 minutes. The hormone responsible for having this contractions is called Oxytocin.
A biome is best defined as a major climatologic regions with consistent inhabiting populations.
A black hole is a massive star that has collapsed to such a small volume that its gravity prevents the escape of everything, including light.
A change in state from solid to gas without passing the liquid state is called sublimation.
A cold-blooded animal is one that has a variable body temperature while warm-blooded animal is one that has fixed body temperature.
A light-year is the distance light travels in a year, about 9.5 trillion kilometers.
A meteor is the luminous phenomenon observed when a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere and burns up, popularly called a shooting star.
A meteorite is any portion of a meteoroid that reaches Earth's surface.
A meteoroid is a small, solid particle that travels through space.
A plasma is a gas that is composed of free-floating ions (atoms stripped of some electrons
A population is a group of organisms with same species that can interbreed in natural setting. Therefore, it can pass their traits from one generation to another generation.
A scalar quantity is any quantity in physics the has magnitude, but not a direction associated with it.
Absolute magnitude is the apparent brightness of a star if it were viewed from a distance of 32.6 light-years.
Agricultural centers have found lately varieties of coconut propagation thru putting up plant nurseries.
Albino com seedlings may grow several inches tall. However, they will eventually die, primarily because they cannot produce their own food.
Allele is an alternative form of a gene.
Ammonia is a compound with nitrogen and hydrogen.
An artesian well is any formation in which groundwater rises on its own under pressure.
An atom consists of a nucleus, located in the center of the atom that contains protons and neutrons and represents most of the mass of an atom.
At cellular level of biological organization shows the interaction of molecules within one cell.
Angiosperms are plants with vascular tissues, with seed inside/ outside a fruit. Also known as fruit-bearing plants or flowering plants. Examples are tomatoes and cucumbers.
Asexual reproduction requires no fertilization causing no variation because there is no Crossing-over of chromosomes. This happens only from a single parent and producing an offspring of exact copy.
Astronomy is the study of celestial bodies such as stars, comets, planets and galaxies and phenomena that originate outside the earth's atmosphere.
Balance in the water cycle means the average annual precipitation over Earth equals the amount of water that evaporates.
Based on Chargaff's rule, Pyrimidine nitrogenous base is always complementary to purine nitrogenous base.
Because the mass of subatomic particles is so small, chemists use a very small unit of mass called the atomic mass unit (amu).
Bernoulli's Principle states that as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases.
Bose-Einstein Condensate consist of particles called bosons which exist at the temperature of 0 K or -273°C with most minimum amount of energy a particle can possess.
Brain stem is the part of the brain that controls the following activities: breathing, blood pressure, heart rate, alertness.
Cell theory has 3 statements:
1.
All living organisms are made up of cell.
2.
Cell is the basic functional unit of life.
3. Cells came from pre-existing cells.
Cerebral Palsy refers to a disorder which muscular control and coordination are impaired due to brain damage.
Cerebrovascular accident is a severe damage to some parts of the brain due to lack of blood supply.
Chemical Properties are properties that are only observable when the substance reacts with another substance thereby causing a change in the chemical composition of the substance.
Chemistry is a science that describes matter - its properties, the changes it undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany those processes.
Chromosome is a thread of DNA, made up of genes.
Circulatory system is described as the lifeline of the body. It is the body's "pickup" and delivery system."
Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral to cleave, or break along flat, even surfaces.
Commensalism is the relationship between an organism and a host where neither is benefited nor harmed.
Comparing the speed of sound in liquids, gases, and
solids, the speed of sound is usually lowest in gases and highest in solids.
Cosmology is the study of the nature of the universe, its origin and overall structure.
Cytosine and Uracil are pyrimidine nitrogenous bases and Guanine and Adenine are purine nitrogenous bases.
Decomposition is a process in which a substance is broken to make it useful in other processes. The organisms that are capable of decomposing a substance are called Saprophytes.
Democritus (400 B.C.) proposed that matter was composed of tiny indivisible particles.
Dependent variable is the factor that may change as a result of changes made in the independent variable.
Desert is the driest ecosystem, very low amount of precipitation, may have very high or very low temperature. Therefore, presence of life form is none or low. Desertification is the conversion of semi-arid areas to absolute desert (arid means dry).
Despite the observed diversity among organisms, they are all made from the same set of biomolecules composed of monomeric units, the carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids.
Developing mines require getting a DENR Environmental Clearance.
Diffusion involves the spontaneous and random movement (Brownian movement) of molecules from one place to another.
DNA means Deoxyribonucleic acid; RNA mean Ribonucleic acid. DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids composed of phosphate group, sugar group, and nitrogenous bases.
Ecosystem is the relationship between the physical and biological environments in a certain plain. Among desert ecosystems, the world's largest ecosystem is Antarctica.
Ectopic pregnancy is the abnormal implantation of embryo in any place of female reproductive organ except the uterus' endometrium.
Eight out of the top ten leading causes of morbidity in the Philippines are communicable. To prevent these from happening to your students, the best advice you can give them is to wash hands frequently.
Element in the periodic table that has the symbol Ca is calcium; Au is gold; K is potassium; and Na is sodium.
Equal to work done against gravity is gravitational potential energy.
Estuaries are areas where freshwater merge with the ocean.
Essential amino acids are proteins that an organism must consume from another source because it cannot be synthesized by itself. In human, the essential amino acids are: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Fermionic Condensate consist of normal fermions (which are the building blocks of normal matter) which are almost identical to bosons they cannot stick together.
Few organisms can directly utilize atmospheric nitrogen that can able to integrate nitrogen gas from the atmosphere into the nitrogen cycle of the biosphere.
Fog is a cloud with its base at or very near the ground. The formation of fog generally occurs after the ground has lost heat by evaporation.
Fold eruptions of rock formation cause the world's greatest
mountain ranges.
Food preparations are handled well to avoid spoilage caused by unsanitary conditions in the preparation and processing of the food products.
Food, plants and other animal wastes should be segregated in waste disposal because these are biodegradable.
For neutral atoms, the net charge is zero.
Forces acting on an object that are opposite in direction and equal in size are balanced forces.
Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons that may be used as fuel, including coal, oil, and natural gas.
Fundamental Quantities are quantities that do not depend on any other quantity for their measurement.
Gene is a section of DNA, which codes for the formation of a protein controlling a specific characteristic of the organism.
Gene is a segment of DNA molecule which controls the
appearance of a given trait.
Green plants are considered autotrophs because they can build simple inorganic substances into organic compounds.
Hair and fingernails are made up of Keratin.
Herbert Spencer coined the term "survival of the fittest."
Heterotrophic organisms obtain their energy by eating plants or animals that have eaten plants.
Humans have a closed circulatory system where blood is enclosed only inside a body and passes through blood vessels.
Hurricane is a weather disturbance in the western part of the Atlantic Ocean.
If a color blind man marries a woman who has normal vision and no history of the disease, it is most probable that all of their daughters will be carriers.
If the flower has either stamen or pistil, it is called an Imperfect flower. If the flower has stamen only, it is a staminate flower. If the flower has pistil only, it is a pistillate flower.
Immigration (travel into) and Natality (birth) contribute to an increase in human population.
In a normal breathing process, inhalation happens when the diaphragm contracts and goes
down as the ribcage goes upward and outward.
In this situation of commensalism, one animal is benefited from the presence of the other animal while the other animal is not harmed nor benefited.
Independent variable is the factor that is intentionally manipulated or changed in an experiment.
Inheritance is the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next, leading to continuity of the species and variation within it.
Insects have 6 legs, spiders have 8 legs; crustaceans have 10 legs, centipedes have 1 pair of leg in one segment, and millipedes have 2 pairs of leg in one segment.
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed when magma hardens beneath the Earth's surface. Invertebrate animals have no bones such as jellyfish and sea anemone; Vertebrate animals have bones such as tigers and monkeys.
Ionic compounds consist of positive and negative charges held together by the strong electrical attractions between oppositely charged ions.
Ionization energy is the energy required to remove one of the outermost electrons.
Ions are formed by gaining or losing electrons.
Iron-deficiency contributes to the poor scholastic performance of students. Liver is best for iron-deficient students.
Isostasy is the concept that the Earth's crust is floating in gravitational balance upon the material of the mantle.
Isotonic solution has an equal amount of solute and solvent between the internal and external environment of the cell. Therefore, water molecules enter and exit to the cell.
Isotonic solution is when there is an equal amount of solute and solvent between the internal and external environment of the cell. Therefore, water molecules enter and exit to the cell.
Kinematics is a way of describing the motion of objects without describing the causes.
LASER stands
for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Limitation is measured by Heisenberg principle.
Law of conservation of energy states that energy may change forms, but it cannot be created or destroyed under ordinary conditions.
Law of conservation of mass (Anton Lavoisier) states that in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed, it is transformed into something else.
Law of constant/definite composition (Joseph Prousz) states that a given compound always contains the same, fixed ratio of elements.
Law of Entropy states that heat flows from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature.
Law of multiple proportions (Joseph Prousz) states that elements can combine in different ratios to form different compounds.
Lewis symbols represent the valence electrons as dots placed on sides of the symbol for an element.
Malaria is carried by Anopheles mosquito, Dengue is carried by Aedes aegypti mosquito.
Mechanical weathering occurs when physical forces break rock into smaller
and smaller pieces without changing the rock's mineral composition.
Metals are lustrous (shiny), malleable, ductile, and are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Milk is an antidote that have a similar effect if vinegar or citrus juice were not available.
Mimosa pudica, locally known as Makahiya is called as such because its leaflets tend to close when touched. This organismal response to a given stimuli that is called Thigmotropism.
Minerals are naturally occurring solid substances with an orderly crystalline structure and definite chemical composition.
Molarity (moles of solute/liter of solution) is defined as the moles of solute per volume (L) of solution.
Mollusca is a soft-bodied, consisting of three main parts: a muscular foot, which functions in locomotion; a visceral mass containing most of the internal organs; and a mantle, a fold of tissue that drapes over the visceral mass and secretes a shell.
Mosses are plants that are small and cannot grow very large because they do not have vascular tissues.
Most of our hydrogen and oxygen is found as water, which makes up 55 to 60% of our body mass.
Muro-ami is a destructive fishing method wherein fishes are driven out of a coral reef by pounding the corals with a heavy weight.
Nitrogen Cycle is observable in the mushrooms which thrive few days after lightning strikes.
Non-renewable resources take millions of years to form and accumulate.
Nuclear change
are changes in the atomic properties of an element.
Nuclear fusion is the way that the sun produces energy. This reaction converts four hydrogen nuclei into the nucleus of a helium atom, releasing a tremendous amount of energy.
Occlusion
forms from cold front pushing warm air up of the ground.
Of all the elements, 20
are essential for the well-being and survival of the human body.
On average, about 90% of the energy is lost at each level in a food chain.
Organisms that belong to the same genus are necessarily included in the same Family.
Oxygen is not needed in the process of photosynthesis (manufacturing of food in green plants).
PAGASA announces the approach of the seasonal winds. The familiar names used are Amihan and Habagat, internationally known as Northeast and Southwest respectively.
Paleomagnetism is the natural remnant magnetism in rock bodies; this permanent magnetization acquired by rock can be used to determine the location of the magnetic poles at the time the rock became magnetized.
Parallax is the slight shifting of the apparent position of a star due to the orbital motion of Earth.
Parasite is an organism that feeds on another organism for survival.
Parturition is a process by which the baby is born through labor. Labor is the period during which uterine contractions occur that result in expulsion of the fetus.
Patients suffering from malfunction of the kidney are now assisted by machine that serves as artificial kidney called Hemodialyzer.
Perihelion is the point in the Earth's orbit nearest to the sun; Aphelion is the point in the Earth's orbit farthest to the sun.
Phase change is one in which substances goes from one phase to another, solid, liquid or gas, by the addition or removal of heat.
Photosynthetic plants and some bacteria can trap light energy and convert it into chemical energy.
Physical change are changes in the physical properties of matter and takes place without changing the chemical composition.
Physical properties are properties that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance.
Population is composed of a group with different species of living things.
Positive geotropism is exhibited by the roots of the plants.
Post-mortem is the stage of the body after the inevitable death. There are 4 stages of post-mortem:
1.
Pallor mortis, paleness of the body due to lack
of blood circulation.
2.
Algor mortis, coldness of the body.
3.
Rigor mortis, stiffness of the body.
4.
Livor mortis, settling and pooling of blood due
to gravity.
Projectile is any object which projected by some means or thrown into the air that continues to move due to its own inertia (mass).
Prokaryotic cells are different from eukaryotic cells because prokaryotes have genetic materials that are floating and not enclosed in a capsule.
Radiocarbon dating is the method for determining age by comparing the amount of carbon-14 to the amount of carbon-12 in a sample.
Radiometric dating is the procedure of calculating the absolute ages of rocks and minerals that contain radioactive isotopes.
Red shift, or a Doppler shift toward the red end of the spectrum, occurs because the light waves are "stretched," which shows that Earth and the source are moving away from each other.
Renewable resources can be replenished over fairly short spans of time, such as months, years, or decades.
Respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases to and from between the intemal and external environment of the body.
Rotation is the turning, or spinning, of a body on its axis.
Same structure but different in function is known as Homologous structure.
School feeding and milk rationing programs to school children are being implemented by the government. The project is designed to stop malnutrition among schoolchildren.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from the weathered products of pre-existing rocks that have been transported, deposited, compacted, and cemented.
Seismology is the study of earthquakes as well as structure of the earth, based on the study of seismic waves.
Simple machines are tools that change the direction or magnitude of a force; it can do work with one movement.
Slab-pull is a mechanism that contributes to plate motion in which cool, dense oceanic crust sinks into the mantle and "pulls" the trailing lithosphere along. It is thought to be the primary downward arm of convective flow in the mantle.
Small intestine is the area of final absorption of nutrients through villi with high efficiency in terms of its surface-area ratio.
Solar eclipses occur when the moon moves in a line directly between Earth and the sun, casting a shadow on Earth.
Solar flares are brief outbursts that normally last about an hour and appear as a sudden brightening of the region above a sunspot cluster.
Solubility is the maximum amount of solute that dissolves in a specific amount of solvent.
Sound cannot travel in vacuum because there are no molecules to pass on the vibration.
Sound travels fastest in solids and travels slowest in gases. The speed sound in air is 340 m/s.
Sun, the ultimate source of all energy based on 1st Law of Thermodynamics - energy is nor created, nor destroyed. Energy is transform from one form to another.
Sunspots appear dark because of their temperature, which is about 1500 K less than that of the surrounding solar surface.
Symbiosis is manifested by algae and fungi in lichens.
Terranes are any crustal fragments that have a geologic history distinct from that of the adjoining fragments.
The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required to break the bonds between atoms of the reactants.
The angle of incident and reflected ray of light is measured by forming a line perpendicular to the surface of the mirror
The big bang theory states that at one time, the entire universe was confined to a dense, hot, supermassive ball.
The branch of biology that deals with the study of animal
behavior is Ethology.
The breathing organs found in leaves are called stomata. The size of the stomata is regulated by the guard cells.
The buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid displaced by the object.
The chemical action that releases heat energy during the process is called exothermic reaction.
The density of the solid object is calculated by dividing its mass by the displaced volume.
The DOH warns the public about preservatives being used in vegetables. To ensure a safe edible vegetables, wash the vegetables well with clean water.
The First Law of Thermodynamics states that when heat flows in or out of a system, the energy it gains or loses is equal to the amount of heat transferred.
The first space telescope, built by NASA, was the Hubble Space Telescope. Hubble was put into orbit around Earth in April 1990.
The goal of science is to understand the world around us and use that understanding to our benefit.
The human body temperature is 98.6 Fahrenheit.
The increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has altered the carbon cycle and contributed to global warming- the unnatural warming of the lower atmosphere.
The inverse relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas is known as Boyle's law.
The latest discovery in biological science as applied to animal industry is Artificial Breeding.
The measurement of any quantity is made relative to a particular standard or unit that must be specified along with the numerical value of the quantity.
The Milky Way is a large spiral galaxy whose disk is about 100,000 light-years wide and about 10,000 light-years thick at the nucleus.
The moon's gravitational pull causes high and low tides.
The most abundant inorganic compound is water.
The photosphere is the region of the sun that radiates energy to space, or the visible surface of the sun.
The principle of fossil succession states that fossil organisms succeed one another in a definite and determinable order.
The smallest particle of an element that could not be further divided but still retain the properties of such element is called atom.
The technology that uses plants to breakdown or concentrate toxic wastes in the soil is called Phytoremediation.
The use of product containing chlorofluorocarbon is discouraged because they contribute to the depletion of ozone layer. The ozone layer is the Earth's shield against sun's harmful radiation.
The world ocean can be divided into four main ocean basins - the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean.
There are seven fundamental quantities: mass, length, time, temperature, electric current, luminous intensity, and amount of substance.
Three factors control the apparent brightness of a star as seen from Earth: how big it is, how hot it is, and how far away it is.
Trenches form at the sites of plate convergence where one moving plate descends beneath another and plunges back into the mantle.
Uranium will produce lead that is used for radioactivity.
Vascular tissue that transports water in leaves connects directly thru xylem inside the stem.
Vestigial structures are with ancestral function. But thru adaptation and natural selection, its function consequently was decreased.
Water constantly moves among the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid Earth, and the biosphere. This unending circulation of Earth's water supply is the water cycle.
Wegener proposed that the supercontinent, Pangaea, began to break apart 200 million years ago and form the present landmasses.
Wegener's continental drift hypothesis stated that the continents had once been joined to form a single supercontinent.
When a gardener propagates a plant by taking cuttings, he plants his cutting in a well- watered soil in a plant pot. To reduce the water demand of the cutting, the gardener may then cover the plant and pot with a lightly perforated polythene bag.
When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic pattern in their physical and chemical properties.
When light from a heated element passes through a prism, it separates into distinct lines of color separated by dark areas called an atomic spectrum.
When the temperature is lower than the dew point, but without precipitation, it is said to be supercooled.
Within a large population, the Random Mating helps to
maintain a constant gene pool. The gene pool is the sum of all the heritable
alleles for all of the traits in a given population.
Work is done when an object applies a force on another object and this force displaces the other object.
Zone is found along the surface of the Earth between the tropic of cancer and the equator.