CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT [1-50]

Situation: Read the following then answer question. Nita doesn’t enjoy writing but can’t escape from it. She has to finish it in order to graduate.

Greta has always liked to write. She really likes to become a better writer because wants to be a journalist.

1. Who is likely to be more focused on the wring activity and why?

A.   Nita, because she is extrinsically motivated.

B.    Greta, because she is intrinsically motivated.

C.    Both, because they are both motivated anyway.

D.   It cannot be determined. Motivation is fluctuates.

 

2. What is/are more like to happen when a student gets intrinsically motivated?

I. Tackles assigned task willingly

II. Eager to learn in classroom material

III. Engage meaningful learning

 

A.   I, II, III

B.    I and II only

C.    I and II

D.   II and III

 

3. Which apply/applies to extrinsically motivated learners?

I. Tend to process superficially

II. Tend to be content meeting minimum requirements

III. Achieve at high level intrinsic

A.   I and II

B.    II only

C.    I and III

D.   I only

 

Read the following then answer questions.

Ask to do a learning task. Joe hesitates and says, “Mahirap Ayaw ko, Diko kaya.”

(It’s difficult, I don’t like it, I can’t do it.)

4. Which statement about Joe is CORRECT?

A.   Has a high sense of self- efficacy

B.    Has no sense of self- efficacy

C.    Wants to be sure of his self- efficacy

D.   Has a low sense of self- efficacy

 

 

5. Which drive can motivate him to perform the learning task? The drive to  ____.

A.   have power

B.    affiliate

C.   achieve

D.   to be free

 

6. To which factor can you attribute his perceive inability to perform the task? To a factor ____.

       I.            within him

    II.            outside his control

 III.            which is stable

IV.            within his control

A.   I and IV

B.    II and III

C.    I only

D.   IV only

 

7. Is it possible to motivate this type of student?

A.   Yes, he can change the nature of the job.

B.    Yes, he can do something with his ability.

C.    No, it is impossible to motivate a student who himself is not motivated.

D.   No, motivation is totally dependent on the student. No person outside him can influence him.

 

8. To which problem does the case of the student allude?

       I.            Unmotivated students

    II.            Uncaring teachers

 III.            Extremely difficult learning tasks

IV.            Incompetent teachers

 

A.   I and III

B.    I and II

C.    II and III

D.   I II III and IV

 

9. Which does he/she want his/her teachers to do?

A.   Make her students derive meaning from what is presented

B.    Give the meaning of what she presents

C.    Let her students construct meaningful sentences based on the lesson

D.   Require her students to come up with a construct of the lesson

 

10. Which one should teachers then avoid? Students’____

A.   reflection

B.    memorization of facts for testing

C.    inquiry

D.   self – directed learning

11. Which material will teachers most likely to use?

A.   Facts

B.    Laws

C.    Time – tested principles

D.   Hypothesis

 

12. Which material will teachers most likely AVOID?

A.   Controversial issues

B.    Unquestionable laws

C.    Open – ended topics

D.   Problem or cases

 

13. On which assumption/s is the principal’s action anchored?

       I.            Students learn by personally constructing meaning of what is taught.

    II.            Students construct and reconstruct meanings based on experiences.

 III.            Students derive meaning from the meaning that the teacher gives.

 

A.   I and III

B.    I only

C.   I and II

D.   II only

 

14. What do the school campus expressions “promdi” and “barriotic” indicate?

A.   The powerlessness of the poor

B.    Low literacy rate of the country

C.    The power of the rich

D.   The prevalence of ethnocentrism

 

15. Professor B once said: “We talk of developing critical thinking among our students, but when they disagree with us, we get offended.” To which Filipino trait does this point?

A.   Inquisitiveness of the Filipino Youth

B.    The lack of seriousness among Filipinos

C.   Extreme authoritarianism

D.   Lack of subjectivity

 

16. Between pursuing a college course where there is no demand and a vocational course which is highly in demand, the students usually opt for college course. Which Filipino value is demonstrated?

A.   Importance of education

B.    Penchant for a college diploma

C.    Desire for entrepreneurship

D.   Interest to obtain a skill

 

17. Lecturer C narrates: “I observe that when there is an English-speaking foreigner in class, more often than not, his classmates perceive him to be superior.” To which Filipino trait does this point?

A.   Hospitality

B.    Friendliness

C.   Colonial mentality

D.   Lack of confidence

 

18. To ensure that all Filipino children are functionally literate, which mechanism is meant to reach out to children who come from a barangay without a school?

A.   Mobile teacher

B.    Multi-level classroom

C.    Multi-grade classroom

D.   Sine Eskwela

 

19. Which program of the Department of Education is an offshoot of the Filipino bayanihan spirit?

A.   Every Child A Reader Program (ECARP)

B.    Brigada Eskwela

C.    Child-Friendly School System

D.   The Basic Education Curriculum

 

 

20. Which developmental principle is NOT TRUE?

A.   Children’s development is a function of environment and heredity.

B.    Children develop at different rates.

C.    Children develop in a predictable manner.

D.   Children develop skills and abilities in an unpredictable manner.

 

21. Which type of parenting style is most beneficial to the development of children, according to research?

A.   Authoritarian

B.    Permissive

C.   Authoritative

D.   Uninvolved

 

22. According to Erikson, what years are critical for the development of self-confidence?

E.    High school years

F.     Elementary school years

G.   Preschool years

H.   College years

 

23. At the high school level, Kohlberg’s advice to teachers is for them to begin discussing with students about abstract principles such as justice and human rights. On the average, in which moral development stage are high school students supposed to be?

A.   Post conventional stage

B.    Conventional stage

C.    In between conventional and post conventional stage

D.   That depends on the school culture

 

24. Which is the ideal stage of moral development?

A.   Social contract

B.    Universal ethical principle

C.    Law and order

D.   Good boy/good girl

 

25. Based on Freud’s theory, which operate/s when a student strikes a classmate at the height of anger?

A.   Id

B.    Superego

C.    Ego

D.   Id and Ego interact

 

26. “Do not cheat. Cheating does not pay. If you do, you cheat yourself” says the voiceless from within you.” In the context of Freud’s theory, which is/are at work?

A.   Id

B.    Superego

C.    Ego

D.   Id and Ego interact

 

27. What is referred to as the “looking glass self” of Cooley?

A.   It is how l look at myself through the eyes of others.

B.    It is how others look at myself.

C.    It is how others affect me.

D.   It is how l influence others.

 

28. You will understand when a pre-school boy asserts that two rows of five coins similarly spaced have equal amounts; but when one row is spread out so that it is longer than the other, he says it has more coins. Based on Piaget’s theory, which ability does he lack?

A.   Multiple classification

B.    Perspective thinking

C.    Reversibility

D.   Conservation

 

29. When asked about her order, a little girl tells the waiter “yong kagaya kahapon.” With Piaget’s theory in mind, what is the little girl’s behavior called?

A.   Pre-operational egocentrism

B.    Conservation

C.    Reversibility

D.   Transductive reasoning

 

30. In the context of Piaget’s theory answer this analogy:

Preoperational stage: Transductive reasoning Concrete operational stage: ____.

A.   Proportional reasoning

B.    Deductive reasoning

C.    Inductive reasoning

D.   Logical reasoning

E.     

31. In which order does cognitive development proceed, according to Piaget?

I.       Formal operations stage

       I.            Sensorimotor stage

    II.            Preoperational stage

 III.            Concrete operations stage

 

A.   II, III, IV, I

B.    II, III, I, IV

C.    II, I, III, IV

D.   II, I, IV, III

 

32. Teacher H begins a lesson on tumbling by demonstrating front and back somersaults in slow motion and physically guiding his students through the correct movements. As his students become more skillful, he stands back from the mat and gives verbal feedback about how to improve. With Vygotsky’s theory in mind, what did teacher H do?

A.   Guided participation

B.    Peer interaction

C.    Apprenticeship

D.   Scaffolding

 

33. Which is essential in the cognitive development of persons according to Vygotsky?

A.   Independent thinking

B.    Social interaction

C.    Individual mental work

D.   Scientific thinking

 

34. Teacher X asked her students to describe how their families celebrate holidays. Student can discover that people celebrate holidays differently. Which principle on cognitive development governs Teacher X’s teaching activity?

A.   Social interaction is essential for cognitive development.

B.    Children often think in different ways at different ages.

C.   Cognitive development involves relating new information to prior knowledge.

D.   Children actively construct their knowledge.

 

35. Social exposure to various cultures expands a child’s pool of knowledge. Which statements go/es with this sentence?

       I.            The less experiences a child has the more disciplined he/she becomes.

    II.            The more experiences a child has the richer his/her world becomes

 III.            The more selective parents in the exposure of the child, the more challenged the child becomes.

A.   I only                     

B.    II only

C.    I and II

D.   III only

 

36. Rodel gave a wrong answer. Teacher said “Wrong! You are way off.” As a consequence other students in the class were afraid to answer questions. Which of the following is illustrated by the event?

A.   Ripple effect

B.    Halo effect             

C.    Severity error

D.   Central tendency error

 

Read the following and answer.

SITUATION.

Principal Emilia wants her teachers to apply constructivism in teaching.

37. Which material will her teachers least prefer?

A.   Unquestionable laws  

B.    Controversial issues   

C.    Open-endedtopics

D.   Problems or cases

 

38. On which assumption/s is the principal’s action anchored?

             I.      Students learn by personally constructing meaning of what is taught.

          II.      Students construct and reconstruct meaning based on experiences.

       III.      Students derive meaning from the meaning that the teacher gives.

A.   I and II

B.    I

C.    I, II, III

D.   II

 

39. Which concept/s of the learner will Principal Emilia as a constructivist NOT accept?

       I.            “Empty vessel”

    II.            “Tabula rasa”

 III.            Candle to be lighted

A.   I only            

B.    I, II                   

C.    II only

D.   III only

 

40. All of the following describe the development of children aged 11 to 13 EXCEPT__________________.

A.   sex differences in IQ becomes more evident

B.    they shift from impulsivity to adaptive ability

C.    they exhibit increased objectivity in thinking

D.   they show abstract thinking and judgment

 

 

41. A grade 6 twelve-year-old boy comes from a dysfunctional family and has been abused and neglected. He has been to orphanages and three different elementary schools. He can decode at the second grade level, but he can comprehend orally materials at the fourth or fifth grade level. The most probable cause/s of this students reading problem is/are _____________.

A.   immaturity                         

B.    emotional factors

C.    neurological factors

D.   poor teaching

 

42. The role of play in the preschool and early childhood years is that it___________.

A.   develops competitive spirit

B.    separates reality from fantasy

C.    develops the upper and lower limbs

D.   increases imagination due to expanding knowledge and emotional range

 

43. Who of the following authors would most help Teacher Lito to understand the underlying effects of  poverty on academic achievement?

A.   Maslow

B.    Dewey                                                          

C.    Piaget

D.   Kohlberg

 

44. In a well-known experiment, psychologists frustrate young children by placing a wire fence between the children and a pile of toys. When finally allowed to play with the toys, the children smashed and destroyed them. Which reaction was demonstrated?

A.   Rational aggression      

B.    Displaced aggression

C.    dormant aggression

D.   Sustained aggression

 

45. In a social studies class, Teacher P presents a morally ambiguous situation and asks students what they would do. On whose theory is Teacher P’s technique based?

A.   Bruner

B.    Piaget

C.   Kohlberg

D.   Bandura

 

46. Which educational issue can be clarified by understanding Maslow’s Needs Theory?

A.   Sex education issues in school

B.    Delinquency in the public schools

C.    The effects of different classroom structures

D.   The effect of poverty on academic achievement

 

47. You are convinced that whenever a student performs desired behaviors provide reinforcement and soon the student learns to perform the behavior on her own. On which principle is your conviction based?

A.   Relativism

B.    Behaviorism

C.    Constructivism

D.   Environmentalism

 

48. William Glasser’s control theory states that behavior is inspired by what satisfies person’s want at any given time. What then must a teacher do to motivate students to learn?

A.   Make schoolwork relevant to students’ basic human needs

B.    Avoid giving assignments

C.    Make teaching-learning interactive

D.   Organize a curriculum in a spiral manner

 

49. Which psychological theory states that the mind insists on finding patterns in things that contribute to the development of insight?

A.   Piaget’s psychology

B.    Kohlberg psychology                                                   

C.   Gestalt psychology

D.   Bruner’s theory

 

50. When small children call all animals “dogs”, what process is illustrated based on Piaget’s cognitive development theory?

A. Conservation

B. Assimilation

C. Accommodation

 D. Reversion



BACK