• thumb – used as guide
• working with piece of materials as in
sawing, boring, filing and planing, always use – Clamps
• marking the thickness – marking gauge
• squareness – Try square
• Angles EXCEPT 90 degrees – Sliding T
bevel
• Carpentry – referring to technology and
science of cutting, fitting, and assembling
• thumb – used as guide
• working with piece of materials as in
sawing, boring, filing and planing, always use – Clamps
• marking the thickness – marking gauge
• squareness – Try square
• Angles – Sliding T bevel
• hardwood – 6-12 %
• Softwood – 20 %
• angle used in sawing soft and thin wood
– 30-45 degrees
• Seasoning - process of drying the lumber
• Sawing – preparation of wood for
commercial purposes
• common plywood is 4 x 8 feet
• provides greater holding power than
nails – screw
• process of smoothening using sand paper
– Sanding
• constructing tables and chairs – Mortise
and Tenon
• CHB – bound together by a material
called mortar
• artificial stone – Concrete
• most widely used masonry materials –
Hollow blocks
• manufactured from clay – Bricks
• conglomerated mass – Aggregates
• aggregate components of a total mass of
concrete – 90% (exact composition is 95%)
• 1: 3: 6 – class C concrete mixture
• hand mixing ½ kg of water + 1 kg of cement + 2 kg of sand +
2.5 – 3 kg of gravel
• vertical – Plumb bob
• classifications of masonry tools – none
of the above (2 only, Roughing Up and Surface Finishing Tools)
• fine textured concrete plaster – Rubber
foam
• Economy – NOT to be considered in
proportioning concrete mixture
• commonly used in small and large
construction – Portland cement
• practices in mixing cement EXCEPT, Add
plenty of water
• purpose of footing in masonry, It
prevents the foundation from sinking
• Has long period of curing time –
Pozzolan
• smallest division of the metric scale –
millimeter
• one inch to centimeters – 2.54
• best to use – Kiln dried
• caliper – cylindrical object
• Fastening materials – nails
• Plywood – three or more veneer slice
• strongest form – mortise and tenon
• sanding – done before the application of
finishing materials
• S4S – four of its sides are smooth or
planed
• splicing or joining of wood using two
side blocks – Fishing
• simplest – Butt joint
• major horizontal support – Header
• series of triangles – Truss
• 60 degrees –tooth of a cross cut saw
• solid color instead of a wood pattern –
Opaque finishes
• oldest and most commonly used building
material – Wood
• conifers – Soft wood
• binding agent – Cement
• rough – cutting marks are visible
• put through planking machine – dressed
• been dresses and matched, ship lapped,
or patterned – worked
• plank of wood that has been roughly cut
– Lumber
• Flat-grain – parallel to the face
• Edge-grain – 90 degrees to the face
• art of building with stone, bricks,
concrete – Masonry
• you hold on to – Handrail
• part do you step on – Tread (minsan READ
ang kalagay sa option)
• Door hinge – door swing when you close
and open it
• standard height of the riser – 6-8
inches
• protective equipment, EXCEPT – ear muffs
• Helmet – protects the carpenter from
falling objects
• protects the carpenter from falling –
Belt and harness
• compress baked clay – Bricks
• closely together – Close-grain
• do not run parallel to the board – Cross-grain
• picture frame – Miter joint
• shelves of a bookcase – Dado joint
• Lap joint – one side over the other
• Butt joint – one end over the other
• rigid and durable – Mortise and Tenon
joint
• 45 degrees angle – Miter joint
• protects the room occupants – Rabbet
joint
• middle of a bench – Bridle joint
• English system – inch
• Metric system – meter
• measure long distances – Pull-push rule
• mark very rough objects – Chalk line
• vertical line – Plum bob
• fasten and remove nails – Claw hammer
• smoothen wood surfaces – Plane
• smooth finish of concrete after floating
– Concrete trowel
• cut brick, block, or stone – Mason's
hammer
• repair mortar joints – Pointing trowel
• move mortar – Brick trowel
• mix concrete – Shovel
• lays bricks – Hawk
• shaping and forming concrete edges –
Edger
• mix concrete for column and slab – 1 : 1
1/2 : 3
• class B mixture – 1 : 2 1/2 : 5
• mix concrete for a slab in the ground –
1 : 2 : 4
• mix concrete for hollow block filler – 1
: 3 : 6
• can be molded without segregation –
Plasticity
• degree of wetness or slump – Consistency
• results from mixing cement, sand, and
water – Mortar
• results from mixing cement and water –
Grout
• process of finishing using mortar –
Plastering
• Start laying ceramic tiles – Center
• Start laying concrete hollow blocks –
Left
• mix mortar for plastering – cement and
sand
• toilet and bathroom flooring – Non-skid
granite tiles
• Bricks longer side is exposed to view –
Stretcher
• regulate the strength of concrete,
EXCEPT , Dropping concrete mixture from high elevation
• 1:2:4 – Class A
• set-up the lateral level of a concrete
fence – Spirit level
• coarse aggregates – Gravel
• process of hardening of concrete –
Curing
• widely used in small and large
construction including roads and highways – Portland cement
• added to the batch immediately before or
during its mixing – Admixture
• the structural reinforcing member –
Stirrups
• structure that holds the poured concrete
– Forms
• days shall concrete be maintained above
10 °C temperature – 7 days
• 4" x 8" x 16" concrete
hollow blocks – 55 to 60 pcs