𝑻𝒀𝑷𝑬𝑺 𝑢𝑭 𝑨𝑡𝑰𝑴𝑨𝑳𝑺

π—”π— π—£π—›π—œπ—•π—œπ—”π—‘π—¦

§  All amphibians are vertebrates, and they need moist environments or water to survive.

§  They are cold-blooded.

§  They absorb water and breathe through their thin skin.

§  They have at least one special skin gland used for defense.

§  Most follow the life cycle of egg-larva-adult.

 

Examples:

frogs

newts

salamanders

toads

 

π—•π—œπ—₯𝗗𝗦

§  Birds are a type of warm-blooded vertebrate that are adapted to fly.

§  Not all birds can fly, but they do all have wings.

§  Birds have beaks that help them catch and swallow food.

§  The digestive system of a bird allows it to eat whenever it can and digest the food later.

§  Birds lay eggs to reproduce.

§  They are endothermic, meaning they maintain their own constant body temperature.

§  They are bipedal, which means they have two legs.

§  They have hollow bones and their bodies are covered in feathers.

§  Birds belong to the class called Aves.

 

Examples:

parrots

penguins

pigeons

 

 

π—™π—œπ—¦π—›

§  Fish are also vertebrates, and they are considered the oldest-known vertebrates.

§  They are ectothermic, or cold-blooded, which means they rely on their surroundings to regulate their body temperature.

§  Fish have fins.

§  Most, but not all, fish have bodies covered in scales and breathe through gills.

§  Fish live under water.

 

Examples:

salmon

seahorses

sharks

 

π— π—”π— π— π—”π—Ÿπ—¦

§  Mammals are another type of vertebrate that belong to the class Mammalia.

§  Young mammals get nourishment from milk produced by their mothers.

§  Most mammals have hair.

§  Their jaw is hinged directly to their skull unlike all other vertebrates.

§  Almost all mammals give birth to live babies.

§  They are endothermic, or warm-blooded.

Examples:

elephants

whales

humans

 

π—₯π—˜π—£π—§π—œπ—Ÿπ—˜π—¦

§  Reptiles are thought to be the first vertebrates to live completely on land. But, not all reptiles live only on land today.

§  They are cold-blooded, or ectothermic.

§  They lay eggs to reproduce.

§  They have four legs or descended from animals with four legs.

§  They breathe through lungs

§  Their bodies are covered in scales or scutes.

Examples:

crocodiles

snakes

turtles

lizards

π—œπ—‘π—©π—˜π—₯π—§π—˜π—•π—₯π—”π—§π—˜π—¦

§  Approximately 95% of all animals are invertebrates. Invertebrates do not have a backbone. There are different types of invertebrates, but they all share a few characteristics.

§  They are made up of many cells that work together, or multicellular.

§  Most, but not all, have tissues, cells that work together in a more complex way.

§  Most, but not all, can move.

§  There are over 35 phyla of invertebrates.

§  They generally have soft bodies.

 

There are eight phyla of invertebrates that are alive today.

π—”π—‘π—‘π—˜π—Ÿπ—œπ——π—” - have a segmented body and primitive brain

𝗔π—₯𝗧𝗛π—₯𝗒𝗣𝗒𝗗𝗔 - have jointed appendages and an exoskeleton

π—–π—‘π—œπ——π—”π—₯π—œπ—” - have tissues and an incomplete digestive system

π—˜π—–π—›π—œπ—‘π—’π——π—˜π—₯𝗠𝗔𝗧𝗔 - have some type of spiny structure on their outside

π— π—’π—Ÿπ—Ÿπ—¨π—¦π—–π—” - generally have soft bodies and a hard exoskeleton

π—‘π—˜π— π—”π—§π—’π——π—” - unsegmented with worm-shaped bodies

π—£π—Ÿπ—”π—§π—¬π—›π—˜π—Ÿπ— π—œπ—‘π—§π—›π—˜π—¦ - soft, ribbon-like worms with no respiratory system

π—£π—’π—™π—œπ—™π—˜π—₯𝗔 - multicellular organisms living in water with no organs or tissues

 

Examples:

snails

spiders

leeches

squid

starfish

earthworms

insects

 

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