PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION


1. Accountability- The teacher holds all members of the class responsible for their learning and behavior.
2. Dangles- The teacher continues to find materials, reviews lesson plans, and talks with individual students when the class as a whole is ready for instruction
3. Desists- The teacher engages in a effort to stop a misbehavior
4.Flip-flops- The teacher is engaged in one activity and then returns to a precious activity that the students thought they had finished
5. Fragmentation- The teacher engages in a type of slowdown
Group Alerting- The teacher obtains and holds the attention of the class, both at the beginning of a lesson and as the activities change within a lesson
6. Group Focus- The teacher keeps the attention of all members of the class at all times, which assists in maintaining an efficient classroom and reducing students' misbehavior
7. Jerkiness- The teacher fails to develop a consistent flow of instruction, thus causing students to feel lesson momentum jerks from slow to fast
8. Movement Management- The teacher keeps lessons and groups engaged at an appropriate pace, with smooth transitions and varying activities
9. Over-Dwelling- The teacher dwells on an issue and engages in a stream of talk clearly longer than the time needed for students' understanding
10. Overlapping- The teacher supervises and attends to more than one group activity at the same time
11. Ripple Effect- The teacher corrects one student or calls attention to one student for his or her misbehavior and it ripples to other students causing them to behave better.
12. Satiation- The students have focused on one learning aspect too long and begin to lose interest, make more mistakes and misbehave.
13. Slowdowns- The teacher, when teaching, moves too slowly and stops instruction too often. Thus the students lose interest or learning momentum
.
14. Stimulus Bound- The teacher has the students engaged in a lesson and then something attracts his or her attention, she or he loses the instructional focus and momentum while dealing with the other issue.
15. Thrust- The teacher teaches too slowly or too fast or switches back and forth, thus failing to acquire and hole an appropriate momentum for students to learn.
16. Truncation- The teacher engages in a dangle, yet fails to resume the original, dropped activity.
17. Withitness- The teacher perceives everything in all areas of the classroom at all times.

FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
● John Locke 
šŸ‘‰ was an English philosopher and physician "Father of Liberalism" ; to form character (mental, physical, and moral) ; Education as Training of the mind/Formal discipline ; Notable ideas - "Tabula rasa"
● Francis Bacon 
šŸ‘‰was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, orator and author. "Father of scientific method" "Father of empiricism"
● Jean Jacques Rousseau 
šŸ‘‰was a Francophone Genevan philosopher, writer and composer of the 18th century."Hollistic education"(physical,­moral, intellectual)
Notable ideas - moral simplicity of humanity; child centered learning; Famous novel: "Emile" or On Education; Human Development
● Edgar Dale 
šŸ‘‰was an American educator who developed the "Cone of Experience"
aka "Father of Modern Media in Education"
● Erik Erikson 
šŸ‘‰was a German-born American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on "psychosocial development" of human beings.
● Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi 
šŸ‘‰was a swiss pedagogue and educational reformer who exemplified Romanticism in his approach. "Social regeneration of humanity" Notable ideas: "Four-sphere concept of life" his motto was " Learning by head, hand and heart"
● Friedrich Frobel 
šŸ‘‰was a German pedagogue a student of Pestalozzi who laid the "foundation of modern education" based on the recognition that children have unique needs and capabilities. "Father of kindergarten"
● Johann Herbart 
šŸ‘‰was a German philosopher, psychologist and founder of pedagogy as an academic discipline. ;
● Edward Lee Thorndike
šŸ‘‰ was an American psychologist ; " Father of Modern educational psychology; connectionism; law of effect. ; "Realize the fullest satisfaction of human wants"
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION
● IDEALISM 
šŸ‘‰ Plato (own ideas) nothing exist except in the mind of a man/ what we want the world to be
● REALISM 
šŸ‘‰ Aristotle;Herbart; Comenius; Pestalozzi; Montessori; Hobbes; Bacon; Locke
(experience) fully mastery of knowledge
● BEHAVIORISM 
šŸ‘‰always guided by standards/by procedure; purpose is to modify the behavior
● EXISTENTIALISM 
šŸ‘‰Kierkegaard; Sartre; "Man shapes his being as he lives"
Focuses on self/individual
● PRAGMATISM/­EXPERIMENTALISM 
šŸ‘‰William James; John Dewey - learn from experiences through interaction to the environment
Emphasizes the needs and interests of the children
● PERENNIALISM 
šŸ‘‰Robert Hutchins
focuses on unchanging/­universal truths
● ESSENTIALISM 
šŸ‘‰ William Bagley - teaching the basic/essential knowledge
Focuses on basic skills and knowledge
● PROGRESSIVISM 
šŸ‘‰Dewey/Pestalozzi (process of development)
focuses on the whole child and the cultivation of individuality
● CONSTRUCTIVISM
šŸ‘‰Jean Piaget
Focused on how humans make meaning in relation to the interaction b/w their experiences and their ideas. Nature of knowledge w/c represents an epistemological stance.
● SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM 
šŸ‘‰George Counts - recognized that education was the means of preparing people for creating his new social order
highlights social reform as the aim of education
ACCULTURATION - learning other culture; the passing of customs, beliefs and tradition through interaction and reading.
ENCULTURATION - the passing of group's custom, beliefs and traditions from one generation to the next generation
Convergent questions - are those that typically have one correct answer.
Divergent questions - also called open-ended questions are used to encourage many answers and generate greater participation of students. Higher order thinking skills; to think more creatively.
90 days - enrolled bills becomes a law
30 days - "lapse"
PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION
● Psychosexual Theory/­Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud
● Psychosocial Theory - Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality
● Ecological Theory - Eric Brofenbrenner's Theory of Development
● Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory - Lev Semanovich Vygotsky
● Cognitive Development - Jean Piaget; John Dewey; Jerome Brunner
● Phenomenology - Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers; Louis Raths
● Behaviorism - Edward Thorndike; Ivan Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick Skinner
● Moral Development - Lawrence Kohlberg
● Ivan Pavlov - classical conditioning
● Edward Thorndike - connectionism
● B.F. Skinner - operant conditioning & reinforcement
● Albert Bandura - "bobo doll" experiment; modelling; self eficacy
● David Ausubel - Meaningful Reception Theory
● Jerome Bruner - Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method
● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight Learning Problem
● Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin's - Information Processing Theory
● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory
● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence
● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of life space
● Brofenbrenner's - Ecological System Theory
● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w actual and potential development
● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach
● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology
● Wilhelm Wundt - "Father of Modern Psychology"
● William James - wrote the "Principles of psychology"/ consciousness
● hypothalamus - brain's stress center
● Abraham Maslow - physiological needs; "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs" ; safety&security; love & belongingness; self-esteem; self-actualization
● John B. Watson - (behaviorist approach) an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism.
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
● Metaphor - is a comparison made b/w things w/c are essentially not alike.
Ex: "Nobody invites Edward to parties because He is a wet blanket"
● Simile - is like a metaphor and often uses the words "like" or "as"
Ex: "Jamie runs as fast as the wind"
● Personification - when something that is not human is given human-like qualities, this is known as personification.
Ex: " The leaves danced in the wind on the cold October afternoon"
● Hyperbole - exaggerating, often in a humorous way to make a particular point is known as hyperbole.
Ex: "My eyes widened at the sight of the mile-high ice cream cones we we're having for dessert"
● Onomatopoeia - when you name an action by imitating the sound associated with it.
Ex: "The bees buzz angrily when their hive is disturbed"
● Idiom - an idiom is an expression used by a particular group of people with a meaning that is only known through common use.
Ex: "I'm just waiting for him to kick the bucket."
● Synecdoche - a synecdoche is a figure of speech using a word/words that are a part to represent a whole.
Ex: referring to credit cards as "plastic" is a synecdoche
● Assonance - when you repeat a vowel sound in a phrase, it is an assonance.
Ex: "It's true, I do like Sue."
● Metonymy - a metonymy is a figure of speech where one thing is replaced w/a word that is closely associated with it such as using "Washington" to refer to the United States
REPUBLIC ACTS
● RA #7836 - Philippine Teacher Professionalization Act of 1994
● RA #7796 - TESDA Act of 1994
● Article XIV 1987 Philippine Constitution (Educ.Sci & Tech,Arts,Culture& Sports) this is the very fundamental legal basis of education in thr philippines.
● Education Act of 1982 (Batas Pambansa 232, Sept 11,1982) an Act providing for the Establishment & Maintenance of an Integrated System of Education
● RA #4670 - Magna Carta for Public School Teachers (June 18,1966)
● RA #6713 - Code of Conduct & Ethical Standards For Public Officials and Employees
● RA #7877 - Anti-sexual Harrassment Act of 1995
● RA #
9155 - Decentralization; Legal basis of Shared Governance in Basic Education
● RA #
7784 - Establishment of Center of Excellence
● K-12 Curriculum - Enhanced Basic Education Curriculum
● RA #
90210 - "An Act to Integrate Information Teachnology into the Public Elementary & Secondary Curricula & Appropriating funds
● RA #
10121 - DRMM approval headed by OCO office of Civil defense May 2010
LITERATURE
● Folklore - traditionally derived and orally transmitted literature
● Folktales - reflect the people's beliefs handed down from generation to generation by word of mouth
● Epilogue - conclusion or final part of non-dramatic literary work
● Genre - distinctive type of literary composition such as epic, tragedy, comedy & novel
● "Quo Vadis" - means "where are you going"
● hieroglyphics - oldest forn of egyptian writing
● Allegory - narrative whose meaning is beneath the surface
● Elegy - a meditated poem of grief
● Sonnet - verse w/14 iambic pentameter lines
● Epic - long poem w/c depicts the adventure of a great hero who reveals his country's aspirations; narrates heroic deeds and supernatural happenings w/local actor in w/c people sing/chant
● Soliloquy - speech made by a person who reveals his thoughts
● Manuel Arcilla - "How my brother Leon brought home a wife"
● Washington Irving - "The Legend of a Sleepy Hollow"
● Fall of the house of usher - hypochondriac living in morbid fear
● Cyrano de Bergerac - poet & soldier noted for his Peculiar nose
● "The Illiad of Homer" - great epic poem whose plot centers around the anger & wrath of Achilles against agamemnon
● "The Bells" - "If eyes are made for seeing, then beauty is its own excuse for being"
● Cacophony - literary term w/c means harsh & discordant sounds introduced for poetic effect
● George Bernard Shaw - know for his excellence of characterization, swiftness of narrative & clarity of style.
● Edgar Allan Poe - greatest American writer of horror and detective stories
● Rabindranath Tagore - best known for his collection of poems called Gitanjali/song offerings
● Robert Frost - ranked as one of the best modern American poets.
● Geoffrey Chaucer - Morning Star of English Literature
● Mark Twain - "Samuel Clemens"
● Harriet Stowe - "Uncle Tom's Cabin"
● Charles Darwin - Origin of species
● Lazlo Biro - invented the ball point pen
● Harry Potter - epic kind of story

VOCABULARY

Emulate 
 imitate
Vouchsafe 
 grant
Abeyance 
 suspended
Denigrate 
 malign
Furtive 
 sneaky
Remonstrate 
protest
Corroborate 
confirm
Gullible
easily deceived
Germane
relevant
Plebeian
common
Vulpine
cunning
Spendthrift
spender
Impolitic
unwise
Terse
concise
Parsimonious
stingy
Stupefy
make numb
Pariah
outcast
Wizened
shrivelled
Dubious
doubtful
Incriminates
accuse
Frivolous
worthless
Susceptible
inclined
Impertinent
irreleva­nt
Ostracized 
excluded
Conglomeration
diffu­sion
Cacophonous
loud and unpleasant
Carnal
worldly
Aplomb
composure
Candor 
honesty
Contemptuous 
 scornful
Feeble 
 weak
Inevitable 
 certain


FINAL COACHING (1-200)

1 In which year was Muhammad born?
a. 570 ~ Mecca
b. 631 ~ Arabia
c. 344 ~ Baghdad
d. 467 ~ Arabian Gulf
2 A ____________ is a region that has very little rainfall.
a. drought
b. desert
c. ocean
d. mountain range
3 Which of these happened during the French Revolution?
a. Execution of Louis XIII
b. Founding of Lutheranism
c. Storming of the Bastille
d. Surrender of Napoleon
4 Americans and Britain’s met in France to end the American Revolution by signing the
a. Treaty of Ghent
b. Declaration of Independence
c. Treaty of Paris
d. Declaration of The Rights of Man
5 The "elastic clause" gives Congress the power to
a. amend the Constitution.
b. declare actions of the president unconstitutional.
c. pass laws needed to carry out its other powers.
d. veto the supreme court.
6 If the Supreme Court decides that a law or act of the President goes against the Constitution, it can ____the law or act.
a. vote
b. approve
c. appeal
d. cancel
e. re-write
7 What man is most responsible for sparking the Protestant Reformation?
a. Tetzel
b. Cromwell
c. Augustine
d. Luther
8 Do Islamic people need to make a journey to Mecca or Haji once in their lifetime?
a. Yes
b. No
9 The Greek alphabet is based on which other alphabet?
a. Egyptian
b. Babylonian
c. Phoenician
d. Hittite
10 Where did the Athenians and Persians fight their first decisive battle?
a. Plataea
b. Marathon
c. Athens
d. Salamis
11 Who said, give me liberty or give me death!
a. John Adams
b. Patrick Henry
c. Thomas Jefferson
d. George Washington
12 What does the list below reveal about Islam?
-Muslims pray five times a day.
-Muslim women dress modestly
-Muslims don't drink alcohol or eat pork.
-Muslims give money to support charities.
a. Islam is a way of life.
b. Islam was popular in Arabia in the 700s.
c. Islam was the same as other religions
d. Islam is a religion of hardship.
13 Last Queen of France
a. Marie Antoinette
b. Isabella
c. Joan of Arc
d. Cleopatra
14 Emperor Justinian is most famous for
a. creating a systematic body of laws
b. putting down a terrible revolt
c. reclaiming lost territory of the Roman Empire
d. making the city rich and wealthy
15 The Romans were heavily influenced by the Greek's
a. religion
b. architecture
c. alphabet
d. all of the above
16 Who told Martin Luther he could no longer be a member of the Church?
a. Pope Leo X
b. Henry VIII
c. God
d. Ann Boleyn
17 Who wrote the song, "Over There", which became the anthem for soldiers joining WWI?
a. George M. Cohan
b. Irving Berlin
c. Jim Thorpe
d. Edgar Rice Burroughs
18 At the end of the Roman Empire, all of these factors contributed to the fall of Rome except,
a. political instability
b. Christianity
c. economic and social problems
d. weakening frontiers
19 What type of Greek column is the simplest design?
a. Doric
b. Ionic
c. Corinthian
20 How did industrialization have a NEGATIVE impact on society?
a. Increased labor needs in cities
b. Child labor
c. Safe working conditions
d. Increased pay
21 The Warsaw Pact was the Soviet Unions response to NATO.
a. True
b. False
22 The president can veto a bill.
a. True
b. False
23 East Germany and Bulgaria were part of the Warsaw Pact.
a. True
b. False
24 In 1787, abolitionists founded the Committee for the Abolition of the Slave Trade in what nation?
a. Britain
b. France
c. Germany
d. Spain
25 Who invented the flying shuttle?
a. John Fowler
b. John Kay
c. Andrew Meikle
d. Jethro Tull
26 Darren had been researching his family's history in order to find out where his favorite grandmother was born. One day, while looking through some papers in the attic of his parent's house, he found his grandmother's birth certificate. The birth certificate contained the following address, 918 Grover Lane, Tyler, TX, 75701. The address is an example of
a. orientation.
b. relative location.
c. place.
d. absolute location.
27 The prime meridian separates the .a. Eastern and Western Hemispheres
b. Northern and Southern Hemispheres
c. The Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn
d. North and South Poles
28 The Greeks adopted their alphabet from which civilization?
a. the Egyptians
b. the Phoenicians
c. the Babylonians
d. the Hittite
29 ________ was the murder of millions of Jews by the Nazis during WWII
________a movement that encouraged reestablishing the ancestral Jewish homeland
a. Semitism; Holocaust
b. Prejudice; Zionism
c. Holocaust; Zionism
d. Communism, Holocaust
30 Hindus believe in obeying one's karma. A person should accecpt there place in the world without complaint.
a. True
b. False
31 Japan is a chain of islands in the northern .
a. Atlantic Ocean
b. Pacific Ocean
c. Indian Ocean
d. Caspian Sea
32 What forms of entertainment were popular among Roman citizens?
a. Chariot racing
b. Plays
c. Gladiator fights
d. All of the above
33 The Voting Rights Act of 1965 enforced the Fifteenth Amendment and outlaws discriminatory voting practices.
a. True
b. False
34 Where was the Magna Carta signed?
a. England
b. France
c. Germany
d. Italy
35 What impact did Thomas Edison have on American society?
a. Discovered electricity
b. Invented the light bulb
c. Invented the telephone
d. Invented the telegram
36 Brazil was colonized by the Spanish.
a. True
b. False
37 Queen Elizabeth I financed Drake's expeditions.
a. True
b. False
38 What language greatly influenced English that came out of the Roman Empire?
a. Greek
b. Arabic
c. German
d. Latin
39 After he decided the empire was too large to manage, divided the Roman Empire into four parts.
a. Constantine
b. Diocletian
c. Alaric
d. Odoacer
40 ____was the Roman god of war.
a. Mars
b. Jupiter
c. Ares
d. Neptune
41 _____was the last emperor to rule to Roman Empire.
a. Odoacer
b. Nero
c. Tiberius
d. Romulus Augustulus
42 A series of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent.
a. Cotton Roads
b. Culture Roads
c. Silk Roads
d. Asian Roads
43 Who was known as the Father Modern Chemistry?
a. Robert Boyle
b. Antoine Lavoisier
c. Sir Isaac Newton
44 Who was the mighty Trojan warrior that killed Patroclus?
a. Zeus
b. Hector
c. Paris
d. Priam
45 Alvaro de MendaƱa was an explorer for which country?
a. England
b. France
c. Netherlands
d. Spain
46 The Colonist's name for the Coercive Acts.
a. Intolerable Acts
b. Townshend Acts
c. Stamp Act
d. Sugar Act
47 Who is known as the Father of Medicine?
a. Vizier
b. Ramses II
c. Khnum
d. Imhotep
48 World War 1 was fought using what kind of warfare?
a. poison gas
b. trench
c. submarines
d. dogfights
e. all of the above
49 In which region of Africa would you find large animals that eat grass?
a. Savannah
b. Sahara
c. Rain forest
50 What is absolute location?
a. The exact,orprecise,location of a place
b. An exact location using the intersection of latitude and longitude lines
c. A flat representation of the world
51 Which of the following is true about desertification:
a. overgrazing of land contributes.
b. climate changes/drought contribute.
c. causes famine.
d. all of the above
52 American Samoa, a United States territory, is part of
a. Micronesia
b. Papa New Guinea
c. Polynesia
d. Melenesia
53 The meridian at Greenwich, England, from which longitude is measured east and west.
a. Map Projection
b. artifact
c. Meridian Mississippi
d. Prime Meridian
54 The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire is
a. Byzantium
b. New Rome
c. Constantinople
d. All of the Above
55 What famous Supreme Court case ruled that police officers must read the constitutional rights to all people they place under arrest?
a. Plessy v. Ferguson
b. Brown v. Board of Education
c. Miranda v. Arizona
d. Jordan v. Bryant
56 What was the first stop on Columbus' voyage to Asia?
a. Africa
b. The Canary Islands
c. Santo Domingo
d. The Bahamas
57 In 1776, the invention of the steam engine sped up industrialization, which British engineer was responsible for this?
a. Samuel Crompton
b. Denis Papin
c. James Watt
d. All of the above
58 From which historic Landmark in Arkansas, did Bill Clinton announce his run for president of the United States?
a. the Old State House
b. Central High School
c. his childhood home in Hope, Arkansas
d. Arkansas Post National Memorial
59 What is the Japanese word meaning great general?
a. shogun
b. samurai
c. hari-kiri
d. bushido
60 Who wrote a book entitled "The Courtier" that described proper conduct?
a. Petrarch
b. Erasmus
c. Castiglione
d. Sir Thomas More
61 The Bastille
a. Louis XVI's castle
b. French prison
c. Court in Paris
d. Where Robespierre lived
62 What is a crusade?
a. a journey to the Holy Land
b. fasting for religious reasons
c. a holy war
d. a political war
63 An example of a natural physical feature is a
a. town
b. church
c. plantation
d. river
64 West African trade was based mainly on which two items?
a. gold and silver
b. slaves and copper
c. silk and ivory
d. gold and salt
65 Roman art was greatly influenced by,
a. the Persians
b. the Egyptians
c. the Greeks
d. the Chinese
66 Which explorers was the first to circumnavigate (go all the way around the world)?
a. Ferdinand Magellan
b. Marco Polo
c. Leif Eriksson
d. No one
67 The inability to satisfy all wants at the same time. All resources and goods are limited. What word goes with this definition
a. opportunity cost
b. resources
c. price
d. scarcity
68 What colony did not attend the 1st Continental Congress?
a. Illinois
b. Virgina
c. Georgia
d. Connecticut
69 There are four economies. Which one is centrally owned by the government?
a. Free Market
b. Mixed
c. Traditional
d. Command
70 What is the capital of South Carolina?
a. Columbia
b. Charleston
c. Durham
d. Atlanta
71 Who was the Leader of the Vietnamese that declared their Independence from France after defeated them in 1954?
a. Douglas McCarthur
b. Mao Ze Dong
c. Ho Chi Minh
d. Jackie Chan
72 Latitude lines run from north and south and measure degrees east and west of the equator
a. True
b. False
73 What is an economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state control called?
a. Free enterprise
b. market economy
c. capitalism
d. scarcity
74 In order to continue their control over the judiciary after the election of President Jefferson, _____legislators passed the Judiciary Act of 1801.
a. Democratic-Republican
b. Democrat
c. Federalist
d. Republican
75 What was the area around Athens called?
a. Euboea
b. Mycenae
c. Attica
d. Thebes
76 What are the three basic question of economics?
a. who will buy it, how much is it going to cost, where will it be sold
b. why should we buy it,what color does it come in ,how much will it sell
c. what will be produced,who will produce it,for whom will it be produced
d. how many people will produce it,who will test it,who will it be produced for
77 Why did Darius I of Persia send troops to attack Athens?
a. to punish them for aiding the Ionian rebels
b. to punish them for siding with Macedonia
c. to steal their ships so they could use them for trade
d. because it was on the way to Sparta
78 The hominid group of Homo sapiens, or Wise Man, is the
a. large-brained group that modern humans belong to.
b. tall ape group that existed before modern humans.
c. last group of hominids that had a hunched body.
d. first hominid to migrate and settle in new areas.
79 The Eastern Roman Empire came to be known as
a. East Anglia
b. the Middle East
c. the Byzantine Empire
d. the Ottoman Empire
80 A road map is an example of a
a. special purpose map
b. political map
c. physical map
d. relief map
81 What is the main export of Mexico?
a. Oil
b. Machines, engines, pumps
c. Vegetables
d. Vehicles
82 Land named in honor of King Louis XIV of France
a. Louisiana
b. New york
c. New Orleans
d. St. Louis
83 What was papyrus used for in Ancient Egypt?
a. to cook with
b. to make paper
c. weapons
d. to build with
84 In 1875, the peasants of Bosnia and Herzegovina rebelled against the .
a. Greeks
b. Serbs
c. Turks
d. Russians
85 Mmmmm...bacon. Who brought pigs to Mississippi?
a. Christopher Columbus
b. Hernando Cortes
c. Hernando de Soto
d. Machiavelli and Rossouw
86 Which group become more powerful in Europe after the Reformation?
a. Popes
b. monarchs
c. Catholic Priests
d. Protestants
87 What is the form of government in the United Kingdom?
a. dictatorship
b. constitutional monarchy
c. military
d. socialism
88 When did the Civil war start?
a. April 7,1887
b. April 12,1861
c. April 12,1871
89 When was Emmett Till born?
a. July 25, 1941
b. June 5, 1955
c. August 28, 1955
d. July 25, 1945
90 Rome is known as the city built on
a. five hills
b. six hills
c. seven hills
d. eight hills
91 Emperor Justinian's systematic body of laws is called
a. Justinian's Constitution
b. Justinian's Code
c. Justinian's Law
d. Justinian's Compact
92 Who ruled the Holy Roman Empire?
a. Charlemagne
b. Henry II
c. Henry VIII
d. the Pope
93 When people go to Mecca, what do they do there?
a. Eat a feast
b. Pray to God
c. Fasting occurs
d. They sing
94 Under ____ , the law did no apply equally to all.
a. Hammurabi
b. The King of Uratu
c. Sargon II
d. Gilgamesh
95 The spread of beliefs, institutions, or skills of one society
a. cave paintings
b. bronze
c. cultural diffusion
96 A state or nation in which the supreme power is held by a single person.
a. democracy
b. monarchy
c. bureaucracy
d. slavery
97 What was the basic unit of currency in ancient Greece?
a. the lire
b. the denarius
c. the shekel
d. the drachma
98 A person who makes maps.
a. map
b. longitude
c. cartographer
d. equator
99 John Calvin was the Protestant leader from.
a. Spain
b. Switzerland
c. France
d. Germany
100 Meaning “the shore of the desert”, what region lies between the Sahara Desert and the Savannah?
a. Nile River Valley
b. The Sahel
c. Great Rift Valley
101 In AD 1739, Nadir Shah, the ruler of _____ invaded India
a. Persia
b. Punjab
c. Pakistan
d. Bali
102 A representation of all parts of the earth's surface, showing countries, bodies of water and cities.
a. artifact
b. equator
c. map projection
d. map
103 Aphrodite was given what Roman name?
a. Cupid
b. Pluto
c. Minerva
d. Venus
104 Poseidon was given what Roman name?
a. Neptune
b. Vulcan
c. Mars
d. Jupiter
105 Region along the gulf of Mexico and the east coast of North America
a. Atlantic Coastal Plain
b. Climate
c. Appalachian Mountains
d. Central Lowlands
106 ____was a result of Columbus's voyage
a. many Native American people lost their land
b. Europeans learned about the Americas
c. Spanish colonists settled in the West Indies
d. all of the above
107 Colonists created a secret society that used violence to frighten tax collectors known as the
a. Headrights
b. Sons of Liberty
c. Colonial Courts
d. Middle Passage
108 German soldiers hired by the British during the Revolution
a. mercenaries
b. privateers
c. Loyalists/Tories
d. Hessians
109 What resource helped make some of the African empires very wealthy? In some places, it was considered even more valuable than gold.
a. Gunpowder
b. Silk
c. Salt
d. Iron
110 Which word describes a few wealthy men who held power?
a. Tyranny
b. Oligarchy
c. Aristocracy
d. Democracy
111 A _________ is a body of salt water not as large as an ocean.
a. pond
b. fish tank
c. sea
d. mountain range
112 Which one of these is not a branch of government?
a. Judicial
b. Executive
c. Military
d. Legislative
113 The last king to rule Rome. He was driven out of power because of his harsh rule.
a. Julius Caesar
b. Mark Antony
c. Octavian Augustus
d. Tarquin the Proud
114 The first Latin American county to gain independence was
a. Haiti
b. Venezuela
c. Cuba
d. Chile
115 Theme of geography that deals with how people and places are linked by communication and the flow of people, ideas and goods -- transportation, communication, trade, patterns of movement such as migration.
a. movement
b. place
c. physical characteristic
d. geography
116 A paleoanthropologist specializes in the study of the
a. kings and queens of the earliest modern humans.
b. development and culture of the earliest hominids.
c. communication and social systems of early apes.
d. trade and barter systems among modern humans.
117 Sandstorms can contribute to desertification because:
a. The desert sand can be shifted for up to a thousand miles, covering over arable lands
b. the sand causes wars.
c. the ground water levels are dropping with shifting sand.
d. Reservoirs are built after the storm.
118 Which Italian city was located on the Adriatic Sea and had a large navy?
a. Bologna
b. Calais
c. Nantes
d. Venice
119 Maps usually have a ___ to show what distance on the earth is represented by a certain distance on the map.
a. grid
b. scale
c. legend
d. cell
120 The Greeks learned about coins from which other nation?
a. the Phoenicians
b. the Babylonians
c. the Lydians
d. the Syrians
121 Who was the first Explorer to see the Pacific Ocean?
a. Vasco Nunez de Balboa
b. Leif Eriksson
c. Henry Hudson
d. Marco Polo
122 One of the different ways of showing earth's curved surface on a flat map.
a. equator
b. Map Projection
c. cartographer
d. Prime Meridian
123 What were most Spanish explorers looking for?
a. the Fountain of Youth
b. gold
c. silks
d. the Mississippi River
124 Who were the Puritans?
a. Protestant religious group that believed in non - violence and the equality of men and women
b. The founders of Virginia
c. A Protestant group that wanted to reform, or purify the Church of England.
d. People that left their country of birth to live in another country
125 Vasco Nunez de Balboa was the first European to see what ocean?
a. Indian
b. Atlantic
c. Arctic
d. Pacific
126 What state has the largest population in the United States?
a. Texas
b. Florida
c. New York
d. California
127 A person who moves to another country after leaving his or her homeland is called an .
a. slave code
b. immigrant
c. indentured servant
d. pilgrim
128 The Magna Carta was signed by
a. members of the Parliament.
b. Pope Gregory II.
c. King Henry III.
d. King John.
129 What landmark features George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Theodore Roosevelt, and Abraham Lincoln?
a. White House
b. Mount Rushmore
c. Independence Hall
d. Statue of Liberty
130 Who wrote Common Sense?
a. John Adams
b. George Washington
c. Thomas Paine
d. Thomas Jefferson
131 ____was used to write BOTH documents and messages.
a. scripts
b. codes
c. Cuneiform
d. cursive
132 Which countries were members of the "Axis Powers" in World War II?
a. Germany, Japan, Russia
b. Germany, Japan, Soviet Union
c. Germany, Japan, France
d. Germany, Japan, Italy
133 What English monarch broke from the Catholic church and made himself head of the Church of England?
a. Henry VIII
b. Edward VI
c. Henry II
d. James II
134 The Congress of Vienna attempted to surround with powerful nations.
a. Spain
b. France
c. Austria
d. Prussia
135 What is their holy symbol?
a. Easter
b. Ramadan
c. The Cross
d. The Menorah
136 Who was the victor of the Battle of Arginase?
a. Athens
b. Sparta
c. Corinth
d. Thebes
137 What is a krater?
a. a monster
b. a type of building
c. a type of spear
d. a large vase
138 What city did women have the most political rights?
a. Athens
b. Corinth
c. Sparta
d. Rome
139 In Medieval Europe, the clergy were...
a. people given priestly authority by the church.
b. major landowners.
c. the most advanced knights.
d. the king's personal religious leaders.
140 Who wrote an epic poem about the journey of Aeneas to Italy?
a. Plato
b. Aristotle
c. Virgil
d. Socrates
141 This was the name of the journey in which Africans were transported across the Atlantic Ocean to be sold as slaves
a. Middle Passage
b. Triangular Trade
c. Headrights
d. Intolerable Acts
142 Which country has the largest oil reserve?
a. Yemen
b. Iraq
c. Saudi Arabia
d. Turkey
143 Any feature such as a land form, body of water, climate, vegetation, and erosion of the soil that defines a region of the earth.
a. human characteristic
b. physical feature
c. elevation
d. trend
144 In Ancient Africa, this coastline was important for trade with Asia.
a. The Moroccan
b. The Yemeni
c. The Ethiopian
d. The Nigerian
145 ____was an English colonist to the Americas who helped found the Jamestown Colony.
a. John Smith
b. John Winthrope
c. Nathaniel Bacon
d. Johnny Appleseed
146 Set out to help Ethan Allen and helped capture Fort Ticonderoga. Later became a traitor.
a. Francis Marion
b. William Howe
c. Benedict Arnold
d. Nathan Hale
147 The study of people, places, and the environment.
a. geography
b. culture
c. region
d. dominant culture
148 They were in large demand in the South due to the need for a large, agricultural workforce
a. slaves
b. immigrants
c. indentured servants
d. colonists
149 Every country must develop an ___system to determine how to use its limited productive resources.
a. economic
b. dual court
c. civil
d. criminal
150 Rivalry between produces/sellers of a good or service result in better quality goods and services at a lower price. This is called:
a. competition
b. corporation
c. consumer sovereignty
d. capitalism
151 What is the name for the special characteristics of a society such as language, government, earning a living, family relationships, and education?
a. archeology
b. culture
c. traditions
d. instinct
152 The holy book of Islam is called
a. The Koran
b. The Bible
c. The Torah
d. a scroll
153 The biggest advantage of hominids in the Upright Man group was their ability to
a. work with fire.
b. make clothes.
c. tame horses.
d. trade items.
154 The way of life that includes people's language, customs, and beliefs
a. culture
b. matrilineal
c. pineda
d. nomads
155 A type of written communication used by Native Americans in Mississippi:
a. Pictography
b. Calligraphy
c. Hieroglyphs
d. Text messages
156 The first major religion who practiced monotheism?
a. Judaism
b. Christianity
c. Islamic
157 What is the most important natural resource in the United Kingdom?
a. trees
b. oil
c. water
d. gold
158 Who were the Quakers?
a. Protestant religious groups that believed in non - violence and the equality of men and women
b. The founders of Virginia
c. A Protestant group that wanted to reform, or purify the Church of England
d. People that left their country of birth to live in another country
159 All of these are the themes of geography except
a. location
b. movement
c. government
d. place
160 What nation controlled Vietnam before World War II?
a. Germany
b. England
c. South Africa
d. France
161 Which religions influenced Arabia?
a. Judaism and Buddhism
b. Hinduism and Christianity
c. Judaism and Christianity
d. None of the above
162 What word means that a country is ruled by a dictator?
a. Tyranny
b. Oligarchy
c. Aristocracy
d. Democracy
163 Which word describes the concept of power shared by a large number of citizens?
a. Tyranny
b. Oligarchy
c. Aristocracy
d. Democracy
164 Who can ratify a treaty?
a. Secretary of State
b. The Senate
c. The House of Representatives
d. The President
165 Which explorer discovered South America?
a. Christopher Columbus
b. Amerigo Vespucci
c. Bartolomeu Dias
d. Henry Hudson
166 Who led the English troops in the French and Indian War?
a. George Washington
b. Thomas Jefferson
c. Peter Stuyvesant
d. John Smith
167Which country has the largest population in the world?
a. Japan
b. Egypt
c. China
d. India
168 Who were the Olympics held in honor of?
a. Caesar
b. Zeus
c. Jesus
d. Hermes
169 When did the French and Indian War start?
a. Late 1750's
b. Early 1760's
c. Late 1760's
d. Early 1750's
170 What does the government use to finance the public goods and services it produces?
a. taxes
b. tariffs
c. tax on imported goods
d. interest payments
171 Which of the following was NOT an invention or innovation of Chinese empires?
a. Printing
b. Paper
c. Compass
d. Coin money
172 The ways people use, adapt to, or change their surroundings and how the physical environment often affects humans is known as
a. relative location
b. geography
c. movement
d. human environment interaction
173 Which best describes how the rulers of medieval Ghana gained wealth and power?
a. By conquering the Mali Empire
b. By converting to Islam
c. By mining salt
d. By controlling trade
174 Rome gained most of its knowledge about building from
a. the Greeks
b. the Etruscans
c. the Egyptians
d. the Persians
175 The following State DOES NOT surround Texas
a. Alabama
b. Oklahoma
c. Arkansas
d. Louisiana
176 A person who studies material remains, or artifacts, of past civilizations
a. Nomads
b. Archaeologist
c. Paleolithic
d. Scribe
177 Based on the government system in the United States, which individual activity is used to directly influence legislative decisions?
a. gathering signatures for a petition
b. collecting opinions for a yearbook
c. discussing political issues at work
d. watching political debates on television
178 A scale shows
a. direction on a map
b. distance on a map
c. provides a key of symbols
179 What is Australia's official language?
a. French
b. Spanish
c. English
d. Dutch
180 All of the following were things taxed due to the stamp act except?
a. playing Cards
b. newspapers
c. wills
d. molasses and sugar
181 Australia's three largest deserts are :
a. Sturt Desert, Stoney Desert, Great sandy desert
b. Simson desert, Great Sandy desert, Central Desert
c. Great Sandy desert, Great Victorian desert, Gibson desert
d. Strzelecki desert, Simpson desert, Great Victorian desert
182 Which of these bodies of water is in the Eastern Hemisphere?
a. Caribbean Sea
b. Mediterranean Sea
c. Hudson Bay
d. Lake Michigan
183 _________ is a small part of an ocean that extends into the land.
a. sea
b. gulf
c. stream
d. canal
184 An archaeologist is a person who:
a. studies bones, tools, and people from the past
b. a ship with square and triangular sales
c. breeding plants and taming animals
185 Profit is
a. tools and knowledge used by humans
b. the difference between cost and income
c. bringing water to crops
186 This is a type of economic system in which the central government owns all property, such as farms and factories, for the benefit of its citizens.
a. Socialism
b. Capitalism
c. Communism
d. Direct Democracy
187 Which of these was not present in Islamic art?
a. geometric images
b. images of humans
c. arabesque designs
d. images of natural patterns
188 Under ____there were laws to cover the adoption of children.
a. Hammurabi's Code
b. The King of Uratu's code
c. Sargon II's code
d. Gilgamesh's code
189 All the earliest colonists settled on or near...
a. Massachusetts
b. the Appalachian Mountains
c. Bodies of water
d. The Chesapeake Bay
190 Which of the following is NOT a benefit of specialization of labor?
a. allows managers to assign tasks based on the skills and preferences of workers
b. businesses can offer higher quality products at lower prices
c. workers will find themselves trapped in jobs they don't enjoy
d. workers improve with experience
191 Which word describes a few noble families held power?
a. Tyranny
b. Oligarchy
c. Aristocracy
d. Democracy
192 Government has a part in our lives by :
a. paying for our roads
b. giving us public schools
c. having us pay taxes
d. all of the above
193 The only state larger than Texas is
a. Alaska
b. California
c. Montana
d. New York
194 Who was considered the "Father of History"?
a. Pythagoras
b. Hippocrates
c. Sophocles
d. Herodotus
195 The following are examples of ____ ; bridges, roads, buildings, culture, language, food, traditions
a. geography
b. landforms
c. human characteristics
d. regions
196 Founded on April 26, 1607, this Virginia colony was named after the English King
a. Roanoke
b. Philadelphia
c. Jamestown
d. Charlestown
197 The Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858 centralized around the issues concerning:
a. slavery
b. popular sovereignty
c. Fugitive Slave Act
d. All of the above
198 This theme of geography states: geographical area characterized by shared features, including physical characteristics and human characteristics.
a. relative location
b. region
c. trend
d. movement
199 The Magna Carta gave rights to who?
a. all English citizens.
b. the King.
c. the nobility.
d. the peasants.
200 What is our best source of information about ancient Ghana?
a. Oral histories from West African tribes.
b. Objects found and studied by archaeologists.
c. Written records of Arab traders of the time.


  
-END OF PART 3-
ANS KEY PART 3 (1-200)





1. A
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. D
8. A
9. C
10. B
11. B
12. A
13. A
14. A
15. D
16. A
17. A
18. B
19. A
20. B
21. A
22. A
23. A
24. A
25. B
26. D
27. A
28. B
29. C
30. B
31. B
32. D
33. A
34. A
35. B
36. B
37. A
38. D
39. B
40. A
41. D
42. C
43. B
44. B
45. D
46. A
47. D
48. E
49. A
50. B
51. D
52. C
53. D
54. D
55. C
56. B
57. C
58. A
59. A
60. C
61. B
62. C
63. D
64. D
65. C
66. A
67. D
68. C
69. D
70. A
71. C
72. B
73. A
74. C
75. C
76. C
77. A
78. A
79. C
80. A
81. D
82. A
83. B
84. C
85. C
86. B
87. B
88. B
89. A
90. C
91. B
92. A
93. B
94. A
95. C
96. B
97. D
98. C
99. C
100. B
101. A
102. D
103. D
104. A
105. A
106. D
107. B
108. D
109. C
110. B
111. C
112. C
113. D
114. A
115. A
116. B
117. A
118. D
119. B
120. C
121. A
122. B
123. B
124. C
125. D
126. D
127. B
128. D
129. B
130. C
131. C
132. D
133. A
134. B
135. C
136. A
137. D
138. C
139. A
140. C
141. A
142. C
143. B
144. C
145. A
146. C
147. A
148. A
149. A
150. A
151. B
152. A
153. A
154. A
155. A
156. A
157. B
158. A
159. C
160. D
161. C
162. A
163. D
164. B
165. B
166. A
167. C
168. B
169. A
170. A
171. D
172. D
173. D
174. B
175. A
176. B
177. A
178. B
179. C
180. D
181. C
182. B
183. B
184. A
185. B
186. C
187. B
188. A
189. C
190. C
191. C
192. D
193. A
194. D
195. C
196. C
197. D
198. B
199. C
200. C